高强合金钢飞轮转子材料结构分析与应用

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0260

储能科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (5): 1667-1673.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0260

• 物理储能十年专刊·飞轮 • 上一篇下一篇

高强合金钢飞轮转子材料结构分析与应用

戴兴建^1,²(), 胡东旭^1,², 张志来³, 陈海生^1,^2,^3,⁴, 朱阳历⁴()

^1.中国科学院工程热物理研究所，北京 100190
^2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
^3.中科南京未来能源系统研究院，江苏南京 211135
^4.毕节高新技术产业开发区国家能源大规模物理储能技术研发中心，贵州毕节 551712

收稿日期:2021-06-29 修回日期:2021-07-02 出版日期:2021-09-05 发布日期:2021-09-08
作者简介:戴兴建（1970—），男，研究员，研究方向为飞轮储能，E-mail：daixingjian@iet.cn|朱阳历，高级工程师，研究方向为飞轮储能、压缩空气储能，E-mail：zhuyangli@iet.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0905500);中国科学院先导专项(XDA21070303);中国科学院国际合作局国际伙伴计划(182211KYSB20170029);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础〔2019〕1284号)

Analysis and application of high strength alloy steel flywheel structure and material

Xingjian DAI^1,²(), Dongxu HU^1,², Zhilai ZHANG³, Haisheng CHEN^1,^2,^3,⁴, Yangli ZHU⁴()

^1.Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^3.Nanjing Institute of Future Energy System, Nanjing 211135, Jiangsu, China
^4.National Energy Large Scale Physical Energy Storage Technologies R&D Center of Bijie High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Bijie 551712, Guizhou, China

Received:2021-06-29 Revised:2021-07-02 Online:2021-09-05 Published:2021-09-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

与纤维增强复合材料相比，高强合金钢飞轮具有材料成熟、制造难度较低的优点，适用于对转子重量约束不强的飞轮储能转子轴系。本文分析了典型高强钢圆盘飞轮的储能密度、材料强度需求和动能储存材料成本。在考虑热处理淬透性、储能量等需求的基础上，设计了50 kW·h、7.5 kW·h两种飞轮结构，其中50 kW·h飞轮6000 r/min，圆周线速度376.8 m/s；7.5 kW·h飞轮转速18000 r/min，圆周线速度433.5 m/s，有限元应力分析表明其强度安全。研制了400 kW、7.5 kW·h工程试验样机，测试转速达18000 r/min，转子动能27 MJ。通过现场高速动平衡，轴系的最大振动幅值从70 μm降低到了20 μm以下，降低幅值达到70%。9000～18000～9000 r/min充、放电过程中输入电能21.5 MJ，输出电能19.5 MJ。

关键词: 飞轮储能, 高强合金钢, 有限元分析, 样机测试

Abstract:

Compared with fiber reinforced composites, high strength alloy steel flywheel has the advantages of mature material and low manufacturing difficulty, which is suitable for flywheel energy storage rotor shafting with weak weight constraint. This paper analyzes the energy storage density, material strength requirement and kinetic energy storage material cost of typical high strength steel disk flywheel. Based on the requirements of heat treatment hardenability and energy storage, two kinds of flywheel structures, 50 kW·h and 7.5 kW·h, are designed. The 50 kW·h flywheel is 6000 r/min, and the circumferential speed is 376.8 m/s; The speed of 7.5 kW·h flywheel is 18000 r/min, and the circumferential speed is 433.5 m/s. The finite element stress analysis shows that its strength is safe. A 400 kW/7.5 kW·h engineering test prototype was developed. The test speed reached 18000 r/min and the kinetic energy of the rotor was 27 MJ. Through field high-speed dynamic balancing, the maximum vibration amplitude of shafting increases from 70 μm dropped to 20 μm The amplitude is reduced by 70%. During the charging and discharging process of 9000—18000—9000 r/min, the input electric energy is 21.5 MJ and the output electric energy is 19.5 MJ.

Key words: flywheel energy storage, high strength alloy steel, finite element analysis, prototype test

中图分类号:

TH 133

戴兴建, 胡东旭, 张志来, 陈海生, 朱阳历. 高强合金钢飞轮转子材料结构分析与应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1667-1673.

Xingjian DAI, Dongxu HU, Zhilai ZHANG, Haisheng CHEN, Yangli ZHU. Analysis and application of high strength alloy steel flywheel structure and material[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1667-1673.

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序号	切线速度/(m·s^-1)	储能密度极限/(W·h·kg^-1)	圆盘飞轮储能密度/(W·h·kg^-1)	芯部应力/MPa	屈服强度需求/MPa	抗拉强度需求/MPa	材料	单价/ (元·kg^-1)	动能成本/[元·(W·h)^-1]
1	300	12.5	6.25	291	466	582	30CrMoA	15	2.40
2	360	18	9	420	672	840	30Cr₂Ni₄MoV	18	2.00
3	420	24.5	12.25	571	914	1142	34CrNi₃Mo	20	1.63
4	450	28	14	656	1050	1312	30Cr₂MnMoNi₂	22	1.57
5	480	32	16	746	1194	1492	30Cr₂MnMoNi₂	24	1.50

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高强合金钢飞轮转子材料结构分析与应用

Analysis and application of high strength alloy steel flywheel structure and material

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