磁场效应对锂离子电池性能的影响

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0343

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着电动汽车行业的迅速发展，锂离子电池的性能对电动汽车的续航里程至关重要。磁场是由运动电荷或电场的变化产生的，当外部磁场作用于物质时，物质内部被磁化，会产生许多微小的磁偶极子。为了深入分析磁场对锂离子电池性能的影响，提出了一种在磁场效应下对锂离子电池进行性能测试的实验方法，在此基础上，搭建了由锂离子电池、电池充放电测试系统、磁场发生系统组成的实验平台，设计实验方法及要求，并针对松下18650锂离子电池进行了对比实验及分析。实验结果表明：锂离子电池在磁场效应下具有良好的环境适应性和充放电性能，在加载不同强度磁场效应的情况下，锂离子电池的充放电容量有明显的变化，且随着磁感应强度的增强而增加。在放电过程中，磁感应强度越大，电池的欧姆内阻和极化内阻越小。本研究利用磁场效应可以有效解决目前锂离子电池续航里程短的问题。

关键词: 磁场效应, 锂离子电池, 性能

Abstract:

The electric vehicle industry is rapidly developing, and the performance of lithium-ion batteries is very important to the growing range of electric vehicles. A magnetic field is generated by the change of the moving charge or the electric field. When an external magnetic field is applied to a substance, the inside of that substance is magnetized, and many tiny magnetic dipoles appear. In this study, an experimental method is proposed to test the performance of lithium-ion batteries under the effect of a magnetic field and deeply analyze the influence of this magnetic field on the battery performance. The experiment platform included lithium-ion batteries, a battery charge and discharge test system, and a magnetic field generating system. Comparative experiments were performed on Panasonic 18650 lithium-ion batteries to study their charge and discharge performances and internal resistance. The experimental results show that lithium-ion batteries have good environmental adaptability and charge-discharge performance under the magnetic field effect. When different magnetic field effects were loaded, the charge and discharge capacities of the lithium-ion batteries changed and increased with the enhancement of the magnetic induction intensity. In the discharge process, the greater the magnetic induction intensity, the smaller the batteries' ohmic internal resistance and polarization internal resistance. The results prove that the problem of the short range of the current lithium-ion batteries can effectively be solved.

Key words: magnetic field effect, lithium-ion battery, performance

中图分类号:

TM 912

阮观强, 华菁, 胡星, 郁长青. 磁场效应对锂离子电池性能的影响[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(1): 265-274.

Guanqiang RUAN, Jing HUA, Xing HU, Changqing YU. Effect of magnetic field on the lithium-ion battery performance[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(1): 265-274.

图/表 17

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参数	数值
产品尺寸	18 mm×65 mm
充电工作环境	0～50 ℃
放电工作环境	-20～60 ℃
额定容量	3.0 A·h
额定电压	3.6 V
充电截止电压	(4.2±0.03)V
放电截止电压	2.75 V
最大持续放电电流	4.87 A

磁感应强度/mT	平台电压/V
0	3.11～3.80
3.95	3.12～3.81
19.75	3.21～3.84
39.50	3.32～3.88

循环次数	容量类型	不同磁感应强度下的容量/(A·h)
循环次数	容量类型	0	3.95 mT	19.75 mT	39.50 mT
第三次	放电容量	2.46	2.51	2.66	2.87
第三次	充电容量	2.46	2.52	2.67	2.88
第四次	放电容量	2.45	2.50	2.65	2.89
第四次	充电容量	2.46	2.50	2.68	2.88
第五次	放电容量	2.46	2.52	2.67	2.89
第五次	充电容量	2.46	2.50	2.67	2.87

循环次数	能量类型	不同磁感应强度下的电池能量/(W·h)
循环次数	能量类型	0	3.95 mT	19.75 mT	39.50 mT
第三次	放电能量	8.65	8.85	9.40	10.28
第三次	充电能量	9.32	9.55	10.02	10.79
第四次	放电能量	8.67	8.88	9.42	10.30
第四次	充电能量	9.30	9.51	10.00	10.76
第五次	放电能量	8.64	8.83	9.39	10.26
第五次	充电能量	9.30	9.52	10.01	10.77

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