基于电动汽车换电站的配网解列下弹性提升策略的探索研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0265

储能科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (11): 3961-3970.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0265

基于电动汽车换电站的配网解列下弹性提升策略的探索研究

张添奥¹(), 陈永翀²(), 杨奕贤¹, 祁宏¹, 吴钢¹

^1.国家电网北京市电力公司海淀供电公司，北京 100195
^2.清华四川能源互联网研究院，四川成都 610218

收稿日期:2024-03-28 修回日期:2024-06-03 出版日期:2024-11-28 发布日期:2024-11-27
通讯作者: 陈永翀 E-mail:legendv5a@outlook.com;chenyongchong@tsinghua-eiri.org
作者简介:张添奥（1995—），男，硕士，研究方向为智慧电网运检，E-mail：legendv5a@outlook.com；
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB2402004);国家自然科学基金项目(51977206)

Exploration and research on elastic enhancement strategies for distribution networks using electric vehicle exchange stations during disconnection events

Tianao ZHANG¹(), Yongchong CHEN²(), Yixian YANG¹, Hong QI¹, Gang WU¹

^1.State Grid Beijing Electric Power CompanyHaidian Power Supply Company, Beijing 100195 China
^2.Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute ofTsinghua University, Chengdu 610218, Sichuan, China

Received:2024-03-28 Revised:2024-06-03 Online:2024-11-28 Published:2024-11-27
Contact: Yongchong CHEN E-mail:legendv5a@outlook.com;chenyongchong@tsinghua-eiri.org

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来频发的自然灾害严重威胁了配电网的安全运行，而电动汽车换电站内储能电池具有易运输的特性。为提升应急供电场景下配电网弹性，本文提出了一种运输换电站储能电池的运行调度方法。首先，以应急场景下系统最小运行成本为目标，综合考虑负荷损失成本、发电成本与交通运输成本构建了含电动汽车运输交通网络的配电网络优化模型。然后，针对模型中的非线性部分展开分析，将优化问题转换为便于求解的线性混合整数优化问题，并通过算例验证了所提策略的有效性。在一定边界条件下，所提方法可智慧化调度可换电式电动汽车，将能量充足地区的储能电池调度至能量紧缺区域，降低了应急情况下电力系统运行成本，提升了电力系统整体的运行弹性。

关键词: 应急场景, 换电站, 移动储能, 电力系统弹性, 线性混合整数优化

Abstract:

Frequent natural disasters in recent years have posed significant threats to the safe operation of distribution power systems. The energy storage batteries in electric vehicle exchange stations, known for their easy transportability, show great promise for emergency power supply scenarios. In order to enhance the resilience of distribution networks, this paper proposes an operational scheduling method that utilizes electric vehicles to transport energy storage batteries from exchange stations. The study begins by developing an optimization model for the distribution network that integrates the EV transportation traffic network, aiming to minimize system operating costs during emergencies. This model considers factors such as load loss cost, generation cost, and transportation cost. Then, the nonlinear parts of the optimization problem are analyzed, and the problem is then reformulated into a mixed-integer optimization problem, making it easier to solve. The proposed strategy is verified through case studies demonstrating its effectiveness under certain boundary conditions. This method enables the intelligent dispatch of swappable electric vehicles, effectively transferring energy storage batteries from areas with sufficient energy to those experiencing shortages. This approach not only reduces the operating costs of the power system during emergencies but also significantly enhances the overall resilience of the power system's operations.

Key words: contingency scenarios, power exchange stations, mobile energy storage, power system resilience, linear mixed integer optimization

中图分类号:

TM 73

张添奥, 陈永翀, 杨奕贤, 祁宏, 吴钢. 基于电动汽车换电站的配网解列下弹性提升策略的探索研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(11): 3961-3970.

Tianao ZHANG, Yongchong CHEN, Yixian YANG, Hong QI, Gang WU. Exploration and research on elastic enhancement strategies for distribution networks using electric vehicle exchange stations during disconnection events[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(11): 3961-3970.

图/表 14

图1

图2

表1

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

附表1

控制算法参数表"

参数	数值	参数	数值
优化间隔 $Δ T$	1 h	负荷损失成本 $W 1 / W 2 / W 3$	50/50/50(元/kW·h)
储能电池放电效率 $η$	0.98	储能电池总数量N_bat	21
储能电池最大容量 $E m d i s c h$	150 kW·h	储能电池功率渗透率k	0.4
储能电池最大输出功率 $P m m a x, ∀ m ∈ M b a t$	150 kW	电压型电源最大输出功率 $P q, v o l m a x, ∀ q ∈ M p$	300 kW
储能电池控制上下限SOC_min/SOC_max	0.10/0.98	—	—

附表1

附表2

初始电量参数表"

参数	数值	参数	数值
$S O C 10 / S O C 20 / S O C 30 / S O C 40$	0.95/0.85/0.92/0.95	$S O C 50 / S O C 60 / S O C 70 / S O C 80$	0.85/0.92/0.92/0.85
$S O C 90 / S O C 100 / S O C 110 / S O C 120$	0.75/0.95/0.85/0.75	$S O C 130 / S O C 140 / S O C 150 / S O C 160$	0.95/0.95/0.96/0.85
$S O C 170 / S O C 180 / S O C 190 / S O C 200$	0.97/0.96/0.85/0.97	$S O C 210$	0.97

附表2

附表3

图A1

图A2

图A3

参考文献 14

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参数	数值
C₂₃/ C₃₁/ C₃₂	45/31/50(元/次)
C₁₂/ C₁₃/ C₂₁	30/28/35(元/次)
t₂₃/ t₃₁/ t₃₂	0.40/0.28/0.45(小时)
t₁₂/ t₁₃/ t₂₁	0.10/0.30/0.12(小时)
V₂₃/ V₃₁/ V₃₂ V₁₂/ V₁₃/ V₂₁	0.95/0.65/1(%/次) 0.8/0.6/0.85(%/次)

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基于电动汽车换电站的配网解列下弹性提升策略的探索研究

Exploration and research on elastic enhancement strategies for distribution networks using electric vehicle exchange stations during disconnection events

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