基于ADPSS-HIL的储能电站电磁暂态模型及校核

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1077

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建立准确的储能电站内储能单元的电磁暂态仿真模型，是精确指导新能源场站及储能电站调控运行，提升新能源消纳及电网安全稳定运行水平的重要保障。现有的储能电站内储能系统电磁暂态模型搭建多在国外仿真平台上进行，缺乏在国产化ADPSS电磁仿真平台上进行的建模分析与精确度对比的研究。本工作以某储能电站为例，依托ADPSS平台建立了储能电站的电磁暂态仿真模型，并通过储能电站内储能系统的真实控制器进行HIL测试，搭建了可实际反映储能系统稳态和暂态运行特性的ADPSS-HIL仿真模型。通过将不同工况下的真实单机测试结果与ADPSS-HIL模型仿真结果进行对比，开展ADPSS-HIL电磁暂态模型的低电压穿越、高电压穿越故障在有功功率、无功功率、有功电流、无功电流以及电压等电气量上的暂态特性一致性校核。通过调整模型参数，使ADPSS-HIL模型波形数据与真机测试误差在相关标准允许范围内，建立准确的ADPSS-HIL的储能电站储能单元的电磁暂态模型。所提出的储能单元电磁暂态仿真模型能够提高电网仿真计算的准确性，确保电磁暂态仿真结果能够有效指导生产运行。

关键词: 储能电站, 电磁暂态模型, ADPSS, HIL, 模型校核

Abstract:

Establishing accurate electromagnetic transient simulation models for energy storage units in power stations is critical for effectively regulating and operating renewable energy and energy storage facilities. It is also a key strategy for enhancing renewable energy utilization and ensuring the safe operation of power grids. Currently, most electromagnetic transient modeling for energy storage systems relies on foreign simulation platforms, with limited analysis or accuracy verification based on the localized Advanced Digital Power System Simulator (ADPSS) electromagnetic simulation platform. Using a specific energy storage power station as an example, this paper employs the ADPSS platform to develop an electromagnetic transient simulation model for the energy storage power plant. Through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing of the energy storage system's real controller, a simulation model is constructed that accurately reflects the steady-state and transient operational characteristics of the actual energy storage system. Comparative analyses are conducted between results from real single turbine tests and those of the ADPSS-HIL encapsulated model under different operational conditions. The study evaluates transient characteristics such as low voltage ride-through (LVRT) and high voltage ride-through (HVRT) performance. By adjusting the parameters of the ADPSS-HIL encapsulated model, the wave ADPSS-HIL encapsulation model shape data and turbine test error are adjusted to comply with relevant standards, resulting in the establishment of an accurate electromagnetic transient-based model. The proposed electromagnetic transient simulation model for the energy storage unit improves the accuracy of grid simulation calculations and ensures that results can effectively guide production operations.

Key words: energy storage power plant, electromagnetic transient modeling, ADPSS, HIL, model calibration

中图分类号:

TM 74

郝守礼, 樊育锋, 郝旭芃, 张超. 基于ADPSS-HIL的储能电站电磁暂态模型及校核[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(5): 2000-2009.

Shouli HAO, Yufeng FAN, Xupeng HAO, Chao ZHANG. Electromagnetic transient modeling and calibration of energy storage unit based on ADPSS-HIL[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(5): 2000-2009.

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项目	参数
建设规模	150 MW/300 MWh
储能单元	磷酸铁锂离子电池
电池出口电压	630 V
储能子单元个数	120

参数名称	数值
最大感性无功	30 Mvar
最大容性无功	30 Mvar
高电压保护定值	1.3 p.u.<U_t<1.35 p.u. 1000 ms
低电压保护定值	U_t<0.2 p.u. 630 ms
频率保护定值	f<48 Hz，f >52 Hz 2 s
SVG无功系数	1.0
预充电电阻	3000 Ω
输入电感	9.1 mH
模块电容/模块数量	36块×3相

类型	设置说明
工况设置	储能场站	P=0.9P_n、Q=0.3Q_n
		P=0.7P_n、Q=0.1Q_n
		P=0.2P_n、Q=0.0Q_n
		P=0.2P_n、Q=-0.1Q_n

故障设置	三相故障	电压跌落至0.8U_n，持续1727 ms后恢复
		电压跌落至0.5U_n，持续1214 ms后恢复
		电压跌落至0.2U_n，持续625 ms后恢复
		电压跌落至0.6U_n，持续1342 ms后恢复
		电压跌落至0.05U_n，持续150 ms后恢复
		电压升至1.15U_n，持续10000 ms后恢复
		电压升至1.25U_n，持续500 ms后恢复
		电压升至1.3U_n，持续500 ms后恢复
	两相故障	电压跌落至0.2U_n，持续625 ms后恢复

偏差	A相	B相		C相
	A₁	B₁	B₂	C₁	C₂
	稳态	暂态	稳态	暂态	稳态
ΔU/%	0.03	0.07	0.09	0.27	0.03
ΔI_d /%	0.09	0.16	0.13	0.04	0.12
ΔI_q /%	2.27	2.16	1.57	2.25	2.27
ΔP/%	0.11	0.99	0.14	0.08	0.09
ΔQ/%	2.3	2.32	1.76	3.22	3.01

偏差	A相	B相		C相
	A₁	B₁	B₂	C₁	C₂
	稳态	暂态	稳态	暂态	稳态
ΔU/%	0.11	0.08	0.09	0.07	0.13
ΔI_d /%	0.19	0.16	0.12	0.14	0.12
ΔI_q /%	0.17	0.16	0.21	0.23	0.27
ΔP/%	0.11	0.1	0.14	0.17	0.19
ΔQ/%	0.23	0.3	0.16	0.21	0.19