集装箱式储能电站两相冷板液冷系统的温控效果研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0029

储能科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (6): 1921-1928.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0029

集装箱式储能电站两相冷板液冷系统的温控效果研究

张雅新¹(), 张泉¹(), 娄旭静¹, 周浩², 陈志文², 龙刚²

^1.湖南大学土木工程学院，湖南长沙 410000
^2.威胜能源技术股份有限公司，湖南湘潭 411100

收稿日期:2024-01-09 修回日期:2024-01-19 出版日期:2024-06-28 发布日期:2024-06-26
通讯作者: 张泉 E-mail:yaxinzhang@hnu.edu.cn;quanzhang@hnu.edu.cn
作者简介:张雅新（1999—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为储能电站热管理，E-mail：yaxinzhang@hnu.edu.cn；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52178073);低碳弹性大数据园区多能源协同关键技术研究与示范(2023YFE0120400);郴州2022年国家可持续发展议程创新示范区建设省级专项(2022SFQ28)

Study on the temperature control effect of a two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system in a container energy storage power station

Yaxin ZHANG¹(), Quan ZHANG¹(), Xujing LOU¹, Hao ZHOU², Zhiwen CHEN², Gang LONG²

^1.School of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
^2.Wasion Energy Technology Co. , Ltd, Xiangtan 411100, Hunan, China

Received:2024-01-09 Revised:2024-01-19 Online:2024-06-28 Published:2024-06-26
Contact: Quan ZHANG E-mail:yaxinzhang@hnu.edu.cn;quanzhang@hnu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

长期处于高温与大温差将会损坏电池性能与使用寿命，而现有的电池储能冷却系统普遍存在冷却效率低、冷热气流组织紊乱以及漏液风险等问题。针对以上不足，本文研发了应用于大型集装箱储能的新型两相冷板液冷系统，并在湖南省湘潭市某储能电站对其温控效果进行现场实测。首先，分析了两相冷板在整个充、放电过程中对全舱与各电池箱的电池温度和温度一致性的控制效果，其次，揭示了充、放电过程结束后的静置期间电池温度变化规律。研究结果表明，两相冷板液冷系统在整个充、放电过程中能够有效降低电池的温升，并将全舱电池的最大温差从传统液冷系统的4.17 ℃降低至3 ℃以内，提高了电池温度的一致性；在同等充、放电条件下，充电时电池散发的热量高于放电时电池散发的热量；无冷却情况下，静置阶段储能电站内部电池会出现80 min及更长时间持续高温的现象。

关键词: 储能电站, 电池温度, 两相液冷, 热管理

Abstract:

Long-term high temperatures and temperature differences can damage battery performance and lifespan. Therefore, a novel two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system has been developed for large-scale energy storage, and its temperature control effect has been measured at an energy storage power station in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province. First, the control effect of the two-phase cold plate on battery temperature variation and temperature consistency across the entire cabin and each box during the entire charging and discharging process is examined. Subsequently, the temperature variation in the battery after charging and discharging is analyzed. The results indicate that two-phase cold plate cooling can effectively mitigate temperature increases and improve the temperature consistency of the battery, reducing the maximum temperature difference from the traditional liquid cooling system range of 4.17 ℃ to within 3 ℃ during charging and discharging. Under identical conditions, the heat dissipation of the battery during charging exceeds that during discharging. If the cooling system is not turned on during the static phase, the phenomenon of elevated battery temperatures inside the power station will persist for 80 minutes or longer.

Key words: energy storage power station, battery temperature, two-phase liquid cooling, thermal management

中图分类号:

TU 831

张雅新, 张泉, 娄旭静, 周浩, 陈志文, 龙刚. 集装箱式储能电站两相冷板液冷系统的温控效果研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(6): 1921-1928.

Yaxin ZHANG, Quan ZHANG, Xujing LOU, Hao ZHOU, Zhiwen CHEN, Gang LONG. Study on the temperature control effect of a two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system in a container energy storage power station[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 1921-1928.

图/表 13

图1

表1

表2

图2

图3

图4

图5

表3

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

参考文献 18

1	中国能源研究会储能专委会, 中关村储能产业技术联盟. 储能产业研究白皮书2023(摘要版). [R/OL].(2023-05-17)[2023-09-29]. https://cpnn.com.cn/news/baogao2023/202307/W020230725381488198635.pdf.
2	LU M Y, ZHANG X L, JI J, et al. Research progress on power battery cooling technology for electric vehicles[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2020, 27: 101155.
3	CHEN J W, KANG S Y, JIAQIANG E, et al. Effects of different phase change material thermal management strategies on the cooling performance of the power lithium ion batteries: A review[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2019, 442: 227228.
4	QIN P, SUN J H, YANG X L, et al. Battery thermal management system based on the forced-air convection: A review[J]. eTransportation, 2021, 7: 100097.
5	PESARAN A A. Battery thermal models for hybrid vehicle simulations[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2002, 110(2): 377-382.
6	AL-ZAREER M, DINCER I, ROSEN M A. Novel thermal management system using boiling cooling for high-powered lithium-ion battery packs for hybrid electric vehicles[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 363: 291-303.
7	CHEN K, SONG M X, WEI W, et al. Structure optimization of parallel air-cooled battery thermal management system with U-type flow for cooling efficiency improvement[J]. Energy, 2018, 145: 603-613.
8	WANG H T, TAO T, XU J, et al. Cooling capacity of a novel modular liquid-cooled battery thermal management system for cylindrical lithium ion batteries[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020, 178: 115591.
9	郑海, 续彦芳, 刘汉涛, 等. 基于液体介质的锂离子动力电池热管理系统实验分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(3): 885-891.
	ZHENG H, XU Y F, LIU H T, et al. Experimental analysis of thermal management system of lithium ion power battery based on liquid medium[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 885-891.
10	陈雅, 范立云, 李晶雪, 等. 二次流蛇形通道锂离子电池散热性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(6): 1880-1889.
	CHEN Y, FAN L Y, LI J X, et al. Research on heat dissipation of lithium-ion batteries with secondary flow serpentine channel[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(6): 1880-1889.
11	SUN X Q, ZHANG C, HAN Z W, et al. Experimental study on a novel pump-driven heat pipe/vapor compression system for rack-level cooling of data centers[J]. Energy, 2023, 274: 127335.
12	HOU F Z, WANG W B, ZHANG H Y, et al. Experimental evaluation of a compact two-phase cooling system for high heat flux electronic packages[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2019, 163: 114338.
13	HONG S H, JANG D S, PARK S, et al. Thermal performance of direct two-phase refrigerant cooling for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020, 173: 115213.
14	WANG Z R, HUANG L P, HE F. Design and analysis of electric vehicle thermal management system based on refrigerant-direct cooling and heating batteries[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 51: 104318.
15	YANG K J, LI Y H, YUAN J, et al. A thermal management system for an energy storage battery container based on cold air directional regulation[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 61: 106679.
16	XIN-YU, YI-WEN, JING-TANG. Inlet setting strategy via machine learning algorithm for thermal management of container-type battery energy-storage systems (BESS)[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2024, 218: 124712.
17	邹燚涛, 裴后举, 施红, 等. 某型集装箱储能电池组冷却风道设计及优化[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(6): 1864-1871.
	ZOU Y T, PEI H J, SHI H, et al. Design and optimization of the cooling duct system for the battery pack of a certain container energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(6): 1864-1871.
18	LI Z, ZHANG J B, WU B, et al. Examining temporal and spatial variations of internal temperature in large-format laminated battery with embedded thermocouples[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2013, 241: 536-553.

参数	值	参数	值
正极材料	LiFePO₄	额定电压	3.2 V
负极材料	石墨	内阻(1 kHz)	≤0.25 mΩ
尺寸	173 mm×71 mm×204 mm	额定充电/放电速率	0.5 C/0.5 C
重量	5.34 kg	充电/放电截止电压	3.65 V/2.5 V
额定容量	280 Ah	充电/放电工作温度	0~55 ℃/-20~55 ℃
发热功率	11 W

参数	测量设备	测量范围	不确定度
室外温度	TH10R-EX温湿度自记仪	-20~80 ℃	±0.5 ℃
室外湿度	TH10R-EX温湿度自记仪	0%~95%	±5%
电池温度	BMS	-25~65 ℃	±1 ℃
制冷剂温度	K型热电偶	-20~150 ℃	±0.5 ℃
制冷剂压力	压力传感器	-1~24 bar	0.01 bar

测试工况	电池状态与冷却系统状态	电流与电压设置
1	0.5C充电+静置30 min，全程无冷却	I=140 A，U≤3.6 V
2	0.5C充电+静置30 min，全程冷却	I=140 A，U≤3.6 V

3	0.5C放电+静置30 min，全程无冷却	I=140 A，U≤2.7 V
4	0.5C放电+静置30 min，全程冷却	I=140 A，U≤2.7 V

5	(1) 0.5C充电、不冷却；(2)静置80 min、无冷却；(3)静置210 min、冷却	I=140 A，U≤3.6 V

[1]	张云峰, 张学文, 钟威, 蒋杜伟, 陈泽伟, 张杰. 石蜡与低熔点合金双级联相变材料强化板翅式散热器换热性能的数值模拟[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(5): 1460-1470.
[2]	刘鑫宇, 张安安, 廖长江. 不同支撑结构的固体氧化物燃料电池数值模拟分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(5): 1710-1720.
[3]	郭军丽. 电化学储能电站消防安全法律治理对策[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(5): 1744-1747.
[4]	廖琪, 曹小林, 邓谊柏, 杨耀林, 陈挺. 有轨电车超级电容模组液冷散热仿真分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(2): 702-711.
[5]	陶致格, 朱顺兵, 侯双平, 李可, 王赫. 锂电池储能电站火灾与消防安全防护技术综合研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(2): 536-545.
[6]	宋梦琼, 彭宇, 廖自强. 基于电化学热耦合模型的电池热管理研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(2): 578-585.
[7]	徐鑫甜, 张碧霄, 朱信龙, 杨凯杰. 基于电池箱体开孔的储能电池系统精细化热设计优化研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(2): 515-525.
[8]	唐盼春, 严嵘, 张灿, 孙泽. 堆叠式车载超级电容器热管理方式分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(2): 483-491.
[9]	曾少鸿, 吴伟雄, 刘吉臻, 汪双凤, 叶石丰, 冯振宇. 锂离子电池浸没式冷却技术研究综述[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(9): 2888-2903.
[10]	高欣, 王若谷, 高文菁, 邓泽军, 梁睿祺, 杨騉. 基于运行数据的储能电站电池组一致性评估方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(9): 2937-2945.
[11]	刘书琴, 王小燕, 张振东, 段振霞. 锂离子电池组液冷式热管理系统的设计及优化[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(7): 2155-2165.
[12]	张奇, 李晓东, 王文雯, 刘晓. 生物质纤维素基多功能材料构建及其在新型能量存储方面的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(5): 1427-1443.
[13]	武鸿鑫, 李爱魁, 董存, 孙树敏, 李广磊, 王士柏. 计及调频备用的储能平抑风电功率波动控制策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1194-1203.
[14]	沈雪晴, 陈威. 内嵌树形翅片相变层电池热管理性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(2): 459-467.
[15]	孙广强, 李志强, 王方, 邓虹, 巴义春. 锂离子电池冷却固定一体化冷板散热研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(11): 3352-3360.

集装箱式储能电站两相冷板液冷系统的温控效果研究

Study on the temperature control effect of a two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system in a container energy storage power station

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 13

参考文献 18

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价