锂金属表面预处理策略：进展与展望

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1161

储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (3): 947-964.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1161

锂金属表面预处理策略：进展与展望

卢功勋¹^,²(), 袁华栋¹, 罗剑敏¹, 王垚¹, 刘育京¹, 石鹏³, 邹世辉¹, 周光敏², 陶新永¹(), 佴建威¹()

^1.浙江工业大学材料科学与工程学院，浙江杭州 310014
^2.清华大学深圳国际研究生院深圳广东 518055
^3.浙江工业大学能源与碳中和科教融合学院，浙江杭州 310014

收稿日期:2024-12-06 修回日期:2025-01-22 出版日期:2025-03-28 发布日期:2025-04-28
通讯作者: 陶新永,佴建威 E-mail:gongxunlu96@gmail.com;tao@zjut.edu.cn;jwnai@zjut.edu.cn
作者简介:卢功勋（1996－），男，博士，研究方向为金属锂电池材料与技术，E-mail：gongxunlu96@gmail.com；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52222317)

Surface pre-treatment strategies for lithium metal: Advancement and perspective

Gongxun LU¹^,²(), Huadong YUAN¹, Jianmin LUO¹, Yao WANG¹, Yujing LIU¹, Peng SHI³, Shihui ZOU¹, Guangmin ZHOU², Xinyong TAO¹(), Jianwei NAI¹()

^1.College of Material Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
^2.Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
^3.The Science and Education Integration College of Energy and Carbon Neutralization Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China

Received:2024-12-06 Revised:2025-01-22 Online:2025-03-28 Published:2025-04-28
Contact: Xinyong TAO, Jianwei NAI E-mail:gongxunlu96@gmail.com;tao@zjut.edu.cn;jwnai@zjut.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂金属负极因具有极高的比容量和最低的电化学平衡电位，其应用一直受到人们的广泛关注。然而，锂枝晶在重复循环过程中引起的寿命短和安全性问题阻碍了锂金属电池的实用化。锂金属与电解质之间的复杂界面在调节锂沉积和提高电池循环稳定性方面起着非常重要的作用。通过对近期相关文献的探讨，综述了当前构建保护层作为人工SEI的有效预处理策略的关键进展，着重介绍了不同物质状态的处理策略及人工界面稳定锂金属负极的作用机制。最后展望未来预处理技术与锂金属负极的应用，包含开发先进策略、探索应用前景、解析影响机制等方面，提出了高能量密度锂金属电池当前的挑战、机遇和可能研究方向。

关键词: 锂金属负极, 固体电解质界面相, 锂枝晶, 表面预处理, 人工SEI

Abstract:

Lithium metal anodes (LMAs) have attracted substantial attention for their extremely high specific capacity and lowest electrochemical equilibrium potential. However, their short lifespan and safety issues owing to lithium dendrite formation during repeated cycling hinder the practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). The complex lithium metal-electrolyte interface plays a crucial role in regulating lithium deposition and enhancing the cycling stability of the battery. This review summarizes key advancements in pre-treatment strategies for constructing protective artificial solid-electrolyte interphase layers, categorized by the physical states of the reagents (solid, liquid, and gas) and their mechanisms for stabilizing LMAs. Finally, this review outlines future directions for pre-treatment technologies, emphasizing advanced strategies, application prospects, and mechanistic insights, while addressing current challenges, opportunities, and potential research directions toward high-energy-density LMBs.

Key words: lithium metal anode, solid electrolyte interphase, lithium dendrites, pre-treatment strategies, artificial SEI

中图分类号:

TM 911

卢功勋, 袁华栋, 罗剑敏, 王垚, 刘育京, 石鹏, 邹世辉, 周光敏, 陶新永, 佴建威. 锂金属表面预处理策略：进展与展望[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(3): 947-964.

Gongxun LU, Huadong YUAN, Jianmin LUO, Yao WANG, Yujing LIU, Peng SHI, Shihui ZOU, Guangmin ZHOU, Xinyong TAO, Jianwei NAI. Surface pre-treatment strategies for lithium metal: Advancement and perspective[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(3): 947-964.

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锂金属表面预处理策略：进展与展望

Surface pre-treatment strategies for lithium metal: Advancement and perspective

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