基于储能用280 Ah风冷电池包流道结构和导流板的协同优化

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0005

储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (5): 1806-1817.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0005

基于储能用280 Ah风冷电池包流道结构和导流板的协同优化

刘顺新¹(), 李昊阳¹, 张建兴², 曾光¹(), 许令平¹

^1.郑州航空工业管理学院机械工程学院，河南郑州 450046
^2.许昌云能魔方储能技术有限公司，河南许昌 461100

收稿日期:2025-01-02 修回日期:2025-02-24 出版日期:2025-05-28 发布日期:2025-05-21
通讯作者: 曾光 E-mail:lsxcj@126.com;zengg8899@163.com
作者简介:刘顺新（1978—），男，硕士，副教授，研究方向为真空电弧特性研究和高压电器设计，E-mail：lsxcj@126.com；
基金资助:
河南省科技攻关项目(222102240017)

A study on the synergistic optimization of flow channel structures and guide plates in a 280 Ah air-cooled battery pack for energy storage

Shunxin LIU¹(), Haoyang LI¹, Jianxing ZHANG², Guang ZENG¹(), Lingping XU¹

^1.Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Zhengzhou institute of aeronautical industry management, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
^2.Xuchang Yuneng Magic Cube Energy Storage Technology Co. , Ltd. , Xuchang 461100, Henan, China

Received:2025-01-02 Revised:2025-02-24 Online:2025-05-28 Published:2025-05-21
Contact: Guang ZENG E-mail:lsxcj@126.com;zengg8899@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

传统风冷电池包热管理系统具有结构简单、成本低廉等优点，但冷却均匀性差和局部过热问题限制了其在高功率密度应用中的表现。针对该问题，基于流体力学和传热学原理，设计了两种不同的流道结构和一种新型风冷导流板。利用仿真软件Fluent，结合Bernardi生热理论、Realizable k-ε湍流模型及流固耦合边界条件，对双“Z”型和双“U”型流道结构的热性能进行了详细分析，最终选定双“Z”型流道结构进一步分析导流板的有无配置、不同孔边长及入口风速对电池组温度场和流场分布的影响。结果显示，添加导流板可以有效优化流量分布，提升电池组内部温度的均匀性；降低导流板孔边长能够显著降低最高温度。增大入口风速同样能改善电池组的最高温度并平衡内部温差。本工作开发的新型微多孔板风冷热管理单元，能够快速释放方块状电池在大倍率工作时产生的热量，显著提升储能电池组的使用寿命和安全可靠性。

关键词: 风冷系统, 导流板, 流道结构, 温度流速分布, 散热性能

Abstract:

The traditional air-cooled thermal management system for battery packs is known for its simple design and low cost. However, it struggles with poor cooling uniformity and local overheating, particularly in high-power-density applications. To address this, two air duct structures and a novel air-cooled guide plate were designed using principles of fluid dynamics and heat transfer. Through simulations in Fluent, combined with Bernardi's heat generation theory and the Realizable k-ε turbulence model, the thermal performance of double "Z" and "U"-shaped ducts was analyzed. The double "Z" duct was selected to further investigate the effects of guide plate configuration, hole size, and inlet air velocity on the temperature and flow fields.Resultsshow that guide plates optimize flow distribution and improve internal temperature uniformity. Smaller holes in the guide plate significantly lower the maximum temperature, while higher inlet air velocities enhance overall cooling and minimize temperature variation. This study demonstrates that the proposed micro-perforated air-cooled unit effectively dissipates heat during high-rate operations, improving the lifespan and safety of energy storage battery packs.

Key words: air-cooling system, guide plate, air duct structure, temperature and flow distribution, thermal performance

中图分类号:

TM 911

刘顺新, 李昊阳, 张建兴, 曾光, 许令平. 基于储能用280 Ah风冷电池包流道结构和导流板的协同优化[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(5): 1806-1817.

Shunxin LIU, Haoyang LI, Jianxing ZHANG, Guang ZENG, Lingping XU. A study on the synergistic optimization of flow channel structures and guide plates in a 280 Ah air-cooled battery pack for energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(5): 1806-1817.

图/表 20

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表2

电芯和空气参数表"

参数	电芯单体	空气
密度 $ρ b$ $/ (k g / m 3)$	2155	1.165
比热容 $c p / [J / (k g ⋅ K)]$	1030	1005
热导率 $k / [W / (m ⋅ K)]$	(x, y, z)(1.6, 22.2, 22.2)	0.0267
动力黏度 $μ / [k g / (m ⋅ s)]$	—	1.86×10^-5
电池尺寸 $(L 1 × W 1 × H 1) / (m m × m m × m m)$	174×72×207	—

表2

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基于储能用280 Ah风冷电池包流道结构和导流板的协同优化

A study on the synergistic optimization of flow channel structures and guide plates in a 280 Ah air-cooled battery pack for energy storage

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序号	L₂/mm	W₂/mm	H₂/mm	a/mm	Δh/mm	A_s/m²
1	174	10	207	2	14	0.01253
2	174	10	207	4	10	0.02506
3	174	10	207	6	6	0.03758
4	174	10	207	8	2	0.05011