动力电池电解液用添加剂的研究进展

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2018.0007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 动力电池是新能源汽车的核心部件，而电解液是制约动力电池发展的关键。电解液一般由碳酸酯类溶剂、锂盐和添加剂组成，其性质对电池的高低温、倍率、寿命等性能有显著影响。高比能动力电池所需电解液的主要开发策略是利用功能添加剂在电池正、负极同时形成稳定的保护膜，同时稳定界面。文章回顾了近年来匹配高压正极材料和高容量硅碳负极材料所需添加剂的组成和基本功能，论述了添加剂作用机理和发展趋势，认为300 W·h/Kg高能量密度电池电解液的关键在于开发新型多功能添加剂。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 电解液, 添加剂, SEI膜

Abstract: Power batteries have significant influence on the development of electric vehicles.Lithium ion batteries are regarded as the most promising candidate among different electrochemical energy storage devices due to their outstanding characteristics. Cycling performances and safety issues of lithium ion batteries are highly concerned and tightly related to the properties of electrolytes. State-of-the-art electrolytes are composed of organic solvents, lithium salts,and additives, and among which the additive plays an important role and shows great influence on the electrochemical performances and cycle life of the batteries. This paper reviews the recent progress on electrolyte additives, especially the ones related to high-voltage cathode and silicon-carbon anode materials. The functionalities and mechanisms of typical additives are presented in details. We believe that high performance power batteries could be realized by developing novel multi-functional electrolyte additives.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, electrolyte, additive, solid electrolyte interphase

中图分类号:

TM911.3

张晓妍, 任宇飞, 高洁, 张兰, 张海涛. 动力电池电解液用添加剂的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2018, 7(3): 404-417.

ZHANG Xiaoyan, REN Yufei, GAO Jie, ZHANG Lan, ZHANG Haitao. Progress of electrolyte additives for high-capacity power lithium ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(3): 404-417.

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