The safety characteristics of super capacitor’s temperature field during large current charging and discharging

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2017.0128

Abstract

Abstract: The interior of the super capacitor will produce a lot of heat quickly in the large current charge and discharge process, which can cause security incidents. This article use thermal analysis with finite element method, firstly assumes and simplifies the structure through the analysis of a super capacitor structure composition and analyze the unsteady heat conduction differential equation to establish the three-dimensional finite element thermal analysis model. Research use 20A current to charge and discharge the super capacitor under the temperature 25℃ and get the temperature distribution inside the super capacitor, the temperature of the core region is the highest and the cathode column area temperature is higher than the positive column area; select the positive column, the cathode column and super capacitor’s internal core region as the observation point, change the current and observed temperature change over time; increase the charging current, the time required of internal core heat up every 100℃ is gradually reduce when the current is certain. As the charging current increases, the inner core of the super capacitor heat up faster. When the super capacitor use instantaneous large current to work, the internal core can reach several hundred degree centigrade in a short time, so cooling measures should be taken to avoid safety accident.

Key words: super capacitor, high current charge and discharge, finite element thermal analysis, the conduction differential equation, temperature field

LI Yu, DU Jianhua, HUANGFU Chenxin, TU Ran, ZHANG Rencheng. The safety characteristics of super capacitor’s temperature field during large current charging and discharging[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, doi: 10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2017.0128.

References

[1] 廖川平. 超级电容电池[J]. 化学通报, 2014, 77(9): 865-871.
       LIAO C P. Supercapacitive cell[J]. Chemistry, 2014, 77(9): 865-871.
[2] 李玉鹏, 周时国, 杜颖颖. 超级电容器及其在新能源汽车中的应用[J]. 客车技术与研究, 2014, 36(2): 41-44.
       LI Y P, ZHOU S G, DU Y Y. Supercapacitors and their applications in new energy vehicle[J]. Bus & Coach Technology and Research,
       2014,36(02):41-44.
[3] 姜喆, 尹忠东. 超级电容器在光伏并网系统功率控制中的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2013, 5(3): 222-226.
       JIANG Z, YIN Z D. Supercapacitors for power control in a grid-connected photovoltaic system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology,
       2013,5(03):222-226.
[4] 翟性泉, 王琦, 赵厚宽. 超级电容储能技术在航行横向补给系统中的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2016, 24(4):558-561.
       ZHAI X Q, WANG Q, ZHAO H K. The application of supercapacitor energy syorage technology in the alongside replenishment        equipment[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2016, 24(4):558-561.
[5] GUALOUS H, GALLAY R, ALCICEK G, et al. Supercapacitor ageing at constant temperature and constant voltage and thermal shock[J].
       Microelectronics Reliability, 2010, 50(9/10/11): 1783-1788.
[6] GUALOUS H, LOUAHLIA H, BERTHON A. Super capacitor thermal modelling and characterization in transient state for industrial
       applications[J]. IEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2009, 45(3): 1035-1044.
[7] 祁新春, 齐智平, 韦统振, 等. 超级电容器恒流充放电热行为分析[J]. 高电压技术, 2009, 35(12): 3048-3053.
       QI X C, QI Z P, WEI T Z, et al. Thermal behavior of supercapacitor in constant current charge and discharge mode[J]. High Voltage Engineering,
       2009, 35(12): 3048-3053.
[8] WANG K, ZHANG L, JI B C, et al. The thermal analysis on the stackable supercapacitor[J]. Energy, 2013, 59: 440-444.
[9] 郑美娜, 李岩松, 刘君, 等. 超级电容器的热电化学耦合研究[J]. 电源技术, 2016,40(7): 1382-1384+1411.
       ZHENG M N, LI Y S, LIU J, et al. Research on super capacitor's coupling of thermology and electrochemistry[J]. Chinese Journal of Power
       Sources, 2016, 40(7): 1382-1384+1411.
[10] FRIVALDSKY M, CUNTALA J, SPANIK P. Simple and accurate thermal simulation model of super capacitor suitable for development of module
       solutions[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2014, 84: 34-37.
[11] 高希宇, 吕玉祥, 杨平, 等. 超级电容器恒流恒压充放电热特性的研究[J]. 功能材料与器件报, 2014, 20(1): 57-62.
       GAO X Y, LV Y X, YANG P, et al. Thermal analysis on supercapacitors of constant voltage-constant current charging[J]. Journal of Functional
       Materials and Devices, 2014, 20(1): 57-62.
[12] 李宇, 杜建华, 皇甫趁心, 等. 超级电容火灾安全特性探究[J]. 消防科学与技术, 2017, 36(3): 296-299
       LI Y, DU J H, HUANGFU C X, et al. Exploration on the fire safety characteristics of super capacitor[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2017, 36
       (3): 296-299
[13] 李岩松, 郑美娜, 石云飞, 等. 卷绕式超级电容器封装单元结构对其热行为影响的研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(17): 4762-4770.
       LI Y S, ZHENG M N, SHI Y F, et al. Study on thermal behavior influences of spiral wound super capacitors with package units structure[J].
       Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(17): 4762-4770.
[14] 杨世铭, 陶文栓. 传热学[M]. 第3版, 北京: 高等教育出版社, 1998: 130-157.
       YANG S M, TAO W Q. Heat transfer[M]. 3nd Ed., Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1998: 130-157.

[1]	MENG Qi, LIU Xiaohui, SUN Mingze, WANG Qiyang, BI Hong. Elecrochemical performance of MXene/silver nanowire supercapacitor electrode material [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(6): 1126-1131.
[2]	TANG Lianghui, HE Ling, YU Xuewen, RUAN Dianbo, HE Xiaoyue. Thermal simulation analysis of supercapacitors based on fluent under multiple operating conditions [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(5): 911-914.
[3]	ZHANG Yaosheng, LIU Zhien, SUN Xianzhong, AN Yabin, ZHANG Xiong, MA Yanwei. Thermal simulation for lithium-ion capacitor during discharge process [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(5): 922-929.
[4]	LI Wei, HOU Zhaoxia, LI Jianjun, BO Daming. Preparation methods and progress of manganese dioxide/graphene based composites in supercapacitors [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(2): 248-259.
[5]	HUANG Wei, WEN Hua, LI Yasheng. Measurements and application of thermal characteristics of soft-packed NCM lithium-ion power battery [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(2): 284-291.
[6]	WANG Xin, JIN Junbao, ZHENG Yurong, BAI Guangzu, WANG Yanni, WU Xinnian. Analyses of international patents on DII based supercapacitors [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(1): 201-208.
[7]	LIU Yongkun, YAO Juming, LU Qiuling, HUANG Zheng, JIANG Guohua. Progress in carbon fibers based flexible electrodes for supercapacitors [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(1): 47-57.
[8]	LU Hai, LI Xiangyuan, ZHANG Wei, HAO Xingchen, CHE Jingfeng, DU Huiling. Preparation and performance of high-voltage electrolytes for supercapacitors [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(1): 162-166.
[9]	ZHU Yeqing. The system level heat dissipation analysis about energy storage [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(S1): 92-94.
[10]	LIU Jiahua, XU Xiaoying, CHEN Dazhu, HONG Jiaoling, MENG Xiao, OUYANG Xing, TANG Jiaoning. Fabrication and electrochemical performances of porous carbon nanotubes/polyaniline-modified carbon nanotube fiber [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(6): 1226-1232.
[11]	YANG Bin, DING Sheng, FU Guansheng, WANG Chengyang, RUAN Dianbo, LIU Qiuxiang. Research on the performance of electrolyte leakage power-based supercapacitor [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(4): 661-666.
[12]	FU Yunjin, XIONG Chuangxi. Double metal MOF-based composite structure and performance as supercapacitor electrode [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(3): 495-501.
[13]	WANG Jiahe, YANG Xiaowei. Progress reports and prospect of stretchable electrochemical energy storage devices [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(2): 157-166.
[14]	LIU Wenjie1,2, SUN Xianzhong2,3, HAO Qingli1 . Electrochemical deposition of MnO2/PEDOT-PSS composite and its capacitance characteristics [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(2): 262-269.
[15]	ZHU JiHua, YANG Qianyun, LIU Zhiting, YANG Wei, CHEN Yao, YU Xinwei, ZHANG Qing. Synthesis and supercapacitor performance of spiro quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(2): 294-300.