Energy Storage Science and Technology ›› 2018, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (2): 294-300.doi: 10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2017.0153

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Synthesis and supercapacitor performance of spiro quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate

ZHU JiHua, YANG Qianyun, LIU Zhiting, YANG Wei, CHEN Yao, YU Xinwei, ZHANG Qing   

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2017-10-18 Revised:2017-11-23 Online:2018-03-01 Published:2018-03-01

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Abstract:

 Spiro quaternary ammonium bromide was synthesized with 1, 4-dibromobutane, anhydrous potassium carbonate, and morpholine employed as starting materials, and serves as the intermediate for the preparation of spiro quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate (SQA-BF4) by an anion exchange method. The chemical composition and thermal stability of the as-prepared product were studied by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), liquid chromatography-mass spectrum (LC-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). It is revealed that the as-synthesized product is SQA-BF4, which shows high thermal stability (up to 382℃ in N2). When used as the electrolyte for supercapacitors, SQA-BF4 shows better electrochemical properties than the common tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate electrolyte. The supercapacitor fabricated with active electrodes and SQA-BF4 electrolyte operates in a wide potential window of 0～3 V, exhibits high specific capacitance of 18.5 F·g-1, and delivers a high energy density of 83.4 W·h·kg1

Key words: quaternary ammonium bromide, spiro quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate, electrochemical properties, supercapacitor