Preparation and performance of high-voltage electrolytes for supercapacitors

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2018.0170

Abstract

Abstract: An ionic liquid of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF₄) was employed to fabricate two high-voltage electrolytes for applications in large-capacity cylindrical supercapacitors. The capacity, resistance (ESR) and cycle performance of the devices were investigated, and the heat generation behavior during high-voltage cycling were analyzed. Compared to commercial high-voltage electrolyte, the two as-prepared electrolytes with a suitable ionic conductivity increased the energy density of the device to a certain extent, but the power density decreased due to an increased ESR. It is difficult for the commercial high-voltage electrolyte to cycle normally at a voltage of exceeding 2.85 V due to rapidly-increased surface temperature. However, the two as-prepared electrolytes significantly reduced the temperature rise and improved the high-voltage cycle performance of the device. In addition, decreasing the current density also effectively controlled the temperature rise rate of the supercapacitor. All the supercapacitors maintained stable cycles at a upper voltage of 3V. The electrolyte of EMIBF₄/AN even provided a favorable cycle at a upper voltage of 3.2V, with maximum energy density and power density (based on total mass of the device) of 8.62 Wh/kg and 16.18 kW/kg, respectively.

Key words: supercapacitor, high-voltage electrolyte, cycle at limited upper voltage, heat generation

CLC Number:

TM533
O646

LU Hai, LI Xiangyuan, ZHANG Wei, HAO Xingchen, CHE Jingfeng, DU Huiling. Preparation and performance of high-voltage electrolytes for supercapacitors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(1): 162-166.

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