Stability of the thermal performances of molten salt-based nanofluid

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020-0133

Abstract

Abstract:

The performance of a molten salt-based nanofluid can be significantly enhanced, but its thermal stability caused by the nanoparticle cluster remains a main defect for practical application. This study prepared a solar salt-based SiO₂ nanofluid with 1% mass fraction via a two-step method. To study the stability of the molten salt-based nanofluid, a long-term high-temperature (LTHT) condition is set, and the reduction of the specific heat capacity (SHC) enhancement and micro-morphology is adopted to make a comprehensive stability assessment. The experimental results show an SHC enhancement; however, the SHC is significantly decreased, and the SiO₂ nanoparticle amount in the samples is reduced after the LTHT condition. In other words, the sample prepared by the two-step method is a poor-stability nanofluid. The investigation on the method improving the stability of the molten salt-based nanofluid is based on the preparation methods and the nanoparticle material selection. The high-temperature melting method is used to prepare the same nanofluid. The results show that the SHC enhancement is similar to that of the sample prepared by the two-step method; however, the SHC enhancement after the LTHT condition is slightly reduced with the nanoparticle amount increase. This result implies that the stability of the molten salt-based nanofluid can be improved to some extent using the high-temperature melting method. Hybrid nanofluids with total mass fraction of 1% (i.e., Al₂O₃-SiO₂, TiO₂-SiO₂, and CuO-SiO₂ nanofluids) are also investigated herein based on the high-temperature melting method. The results show that the attenuation rate of the SHC enhancement reduces to 6.1% after 100 h under the LTHT condition for the Al₂O₃-SiO₂ hybrid nanofluid, indicating that the stability is further improved. On the contrary, the stability of the TiO₂-SiO₂ and CuO-SiO₂ hybrid nanofluids is worse because no SHC enhancement occurs after the LTHT condition. The results are greatly significant for improving the stability of the molten salt-based nanofluid and enhancing its practicality.

Key words: molten salt, nanofluid, stability, specific heat capacity, preparation method, hybrid nanoparticle

CLC Number:

TK 02

Zhao LI, Baorang LI, Liu CUI, Xiaoze DU. Stability of the thermal performances of molten salt-based nanofluid[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(6): 1775-1783.

Figures/Tables 11

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