Filling technology development for Type III hydrogen tank

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0055

Abstract

Abstract:

With their advantages of zero emissions, long cruising range and quick refueling speed, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are have wide potential for long cruising range and heavy load applications. During refueling, the tank of an FCEV and its contained hydrogen are heated by the Joule-Thomson effect. An overheated tank compromises the safety of onboard storage, necessitating a specialized refueling technology. In the US, Japan and Europe, this technology has been developed for Type IV tanks. However, China requires a refueling technology for Type III tanks, currently the only available tank type in the country. This study develops and experimentally analyzes a physical and mathematical model of the refueling process for Type III tanks. The Type III tank parameters, refueling parameters and environmental parameters were varied and their effects on refueling speed, final temperature and target pressure were investigated. The temperature rose rapidly when the initial pressure and filling rate were high. Next, a temperature prediction tool for Type III and Type IV refueling was developed and experimentally validated. The proposed method and the developed tool revealed important differences between Type III and Type IV tank refueling. For instance, the temperature gradients across the tank thickness were significantly different in the Type III and Type IV tanks. Across the inner layer, the temperature was nearly uniform in the Type III tank but increased linearly in the Type IV tank. The larger temperature gradient in the Type IV tank indicates a higher energy requirement for precooling the hydrogen in a Type IV tank than in a Type III tank with the same state of charge. Refueling a 35 MPa Type IV tank requires 0.65 kW·h/kg at an ambient temperature of 38 ℃, which increases the operation cost at the hydrogen station. This work provides important guidelines for the domestic development of hydrogen refueling stations.

Key words: hydrogen refueling station, hydrogen filling, temperature rise, energy consumption

CLC Number:

TQ 028.8

HE Guangli, YANG Kang, DONG Wenpin, XU Zhuang. Filling technology development for Type III hydrogen tank[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 696-701.

Figures/Tables 11

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编号	组成	密度/g·cm^-3	厚度 /mm	导热系数/W·(m·K)^-1	比热容/J·(kg·K)^-1
A厂家产品	铝合金	2.75	4	155	896
A厂家产品	碳纤维	1.8	15	9.37	710
A厂家产品	环氧树脂	1.2	3.042	0.3	1200
A厂家产品	玻璃纤维	2.45	0.6	0.034	798
B厂家产品	铝合金	2.75	6	155	896
B厂家产品	碳纤维	1.8	13	9.37	753
B厂家产品	环氧树脂	1.2	2.73	0.3	1200
B厂家产品	玻璃纤维	2.5	1	0.034	798
C厂家产品	铝合金	2.75	6	155	896
C厂家产品	碳纤维	1.8	12	9.37	753
C厂家产品	环氧树脂	1.2	2.34	0.3	1200
C厂家产品	玻璃纤维	2.45	0.6	0.034	798
D厂家产品	铝合金	2.75	4	155	896
D厂家产品	碳纤维	1.8	16	9.37	710
D厂家产品	环氧树脂	1.2	3.2175	0.3	1200
D厂家产品	玻璃纤维	2.5	0.5	0.034	798

材料属性		三型瓶	四型瓶^[10,11]
容积/L		140	140
内胆	厚度/mm	6	5
	导热系数/W·(m·K)^-1	155	0.5
	比热容/J·(kg·K)^-1	896	2100
缠绕层	厚度/mm	12	31.6
	导热系数/W·(m·K)^-1	0.74	0.5
	比热容/J·(kg·K)^-1	1120	1120

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