Intelligent fire protection of lithium-ion battery and its research method

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0024

Abstract

Abstract:

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is one of the most promising electrochemical devices for energy storage. The safety of batteries is under threat. It is critical to conduct research on battery intelligent fire protection systems to improve the safety of energy storage systems. Here, we summarize the current research on the safety management of LIBs. Currently, battery safety research is primarily focused on intrinsic safety, detection safety, and fire safety, which can essentially cover the upstream and downstream LIB safety issues. However, due to the delayed start of such research in this field, numerous issues still exist. The enhancement in intrinsic safety should also consider the users' demand for battery energy density, the advancement of detection safety should eliminate the shackles of traditional fire prevention ideology, and fire protection safety requires finding effective fire extinguishing agents that can cope with the complicated conditions of LIB combustion. Based on the progress of LIB safety research, we demonstrate the thermal runaway process and fire characteristics of LIBs, highlight the challenges in current battery fire protection techniques, and propose the basic framework of intelligent fire protection systems and research methods. By examining the actual and experimental conditions, the experimental hardware and test indices are discussed. We concentrate on the research platform's carrier design, thermal runaway mode, and fire extinguishing system design. By summarizing the relevant equipment, a reference test specification can be provided for future research. Simultaneously, the limitations of the existing fire detection system in the field of LIBs are proposed. The important warning prediction of intelligent fire protection for LIBs based on temperature, voltage, and early gas generation and analysis methods in the research are presented in detail, which will assist researchers in better designing their experiments and providing more effective data for intelligent fire protection for LIBs. We combined the existing LIBs safety-related research devices, methods, and detection standards by summarizing them with the intelligent fire protection analysis of LIBs, which has some reference value for future research in this field.

Key words: Li-ion battery, thermal runaway, energy storage, intelligent fire protection, test method

CLC Number:

X 932

DING Yi, YANG Yan, CHEN Kai, ZENG Tao, HUANG Yunhui. Intelligent fire protection of lithium-ion battery and its research method[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1822-1833.

Figures/Tables 7

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