Study on cooling performance of lithium ion batteries with symmetrical serpentine channel

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0095

Abstract

Abstract:

A symmetrical serpentine channel design is proposed in this paper to solve problems related to long flow path, large pressure difference, and high energy consumption of coolant in the traditional serpentine channel design. The COMSOL Multiphysics finite element software was used to establish the model for the proposed designed. The pressure drop of the proposed design is reduced by 42.8% compared to the traditional serpentine channel because the flow rate in the subchannel and linear loss along the cooling channel are reduced. In addition, the temperature uniformity of the symmetrical serpentine flow channel is superior to that of the traditional serpentine flow channel. Despite the fact that the coolant temperature increases along the flow direction, the temperature distribution of the battery in the coolant flow direction is relatively uniform, and the temperature difference is small. The maximum temperature difference of the battery occurs in the direction of the thickness of the battery because the thermal conductivity in this direction is too small. When the thermal conductivity in the direction of the battery thickness increases to 10.925 W/(m·K), the temperature difference in the battery thickness direction is much smaller than that in the coolant flow direction. With the proposed design, the maximum temperature difference of the battery is reduced from 2.75 ℃ to 1.24 ℃ (a 54.9% reduction). Thus, improving the thermal conductivity in the battery thickness direction has a significant effect on improving the battery's temperature uniformity. In addition, the influences of coolant flow rate and channel width are discussed. Results demonstrate that although the increased coolant flow rate can reduce the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery, the system's energy consumption increases sharply. Expanding the channel width reduces the channel pressure drop significantly, and the effect on battery temperature is insignificant.

Key words: lithium-ion battery thermal management, liquid-cooling, structure design, serpentine channel

CLC Number:

TM 912

Wei KONG, Jingtao JIN, Xipo LU, Yang SUN. Study on cooling performance of lithium ion batteries with symmetrical serpentine channel[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2258-2265.

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项目	技术参数
负极	石墨
正极	LiFePO₄
电解质	LiPF₆
隔膜	PP/PE/PP
额定容量	8.0 Ah
工作电压	3.2 V
电池长宽厚	118 mm，13 mm，63 mm

材料	ρ/(kg/m³)	c_p /[J/(kg·K)]	k/[W/(m·K)]	μ/[kg/(m·s)
电池	2416	895	27.38/27.38/0.925(x/y/z)	—
冷板	2719	871	202.4	—
水	998.2	4182	0.6	0.001003