Abstract:

The global hydrogen energy industry has entered a new era of rapid industrialization. More than 20 major economies, such as Europe, the United States, Japan, and South Korea, have elevated the development of hydrogen energy to the national strategic level and have successively formulated development plans, roadmaps, and related support policies to accelerate industrialization. This paper analyzes and summarizes the hydrogen development strategies of Japan, Germany, South Korea, the United States, and Australia and refines the three core driving forces for hydrogen development: deep decarbonization, ensuring energy security, and achieving economic growth. The trends of hydrogen development orientation, hydrogen source structure transition, hydrogen application scenarios, and industrial development stages are obtained based on the international consensus on the goal of carbon neutrality and the disruption of global geopolitics. Major countries consider overall resource endowment, technology and industrial base, market demand, and other factors, and promote hydrogen technology research and industrialization development using local conditions, which has important reference value for China's high quality hydrogen industry. This paper proposes three approaches to implementing the "Medium and Long-Term Development Plan for Hydrogen Energy Industry Development (2021-2035)": strengthening national level hydrogen energy strategy guidance; increasing key core technology research efforts; and accelerating the demonstration and application of diverse scenarios.

Key words: hydrogen energy, low carbon, policy research, development strategy