Error analysis of insulation resistance detection method in battery energy storage system

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0803

Abstract

Abstract:

Insulation resistance detection is crucial for the safe operation of battery energy storage systems. This study addresses the significant and random measurement errors associated with the commonly used balanced-unbalanced bridge method. By establishing a computer simulation model of this method, the research investigates the error-influencing factors in insulation resistance detection. The analysis quantitatively examines the impact of these errors, focusing on voltage measurement error bias and accuracy. To address the engineering challenge of a limited and imprecise measurement range due to reduced positive bus insulation, an improved balanced-unbalanced bridge method is proposed. This improvement includes a theoretical foundation and a detailed methodology for selecting bridge resistance. Furthermore, the study tackles the issue of diminished measurement accuracy and insulation monitoring dead zones when both positive and negative insulations are compromised. A variable resistance switch bridge method, derived from the three-dimensional surface analysis of the simulation model, is suggested to enhance detection accuracy under such conditions. Field tests conducted at an engineering site confirm the validity of the error analysis and the appropriateness of the parameter selection. The findings offer valuable insights and a theoretical framework for designing and selecting parameters for the insulation monitoring function in battery management systems.

Key words: battery energy storage system, insulation detection, computer simulation, error analysis

CLC Number:

TM 934.31

Jie ZHANG, Chenghui WU, Mingjun PAN, Tianen ZHAO. Error analysis of insulation resistance detection method in battery energy storage system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(4): 1167-1175.

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电压测量误差偏置			电阻最大测量误差/%
U_pn	U_ng	U_ngt	R_p	R_n
负偏	负偏	负偏	-1.3×10^-13	-3.7×10^-14
负偏	负偏	正偏	19.55	19.55
负偏	正偏	负偏	-14.11	-12.69
负偏	正偏	正偏	1.05	2.94
正偏	负偏	负偏	-1.02	-2.79
正偏	负偏	正偏	18.14	15.72
正偏	正偏	负偏	-14.89	-14.89
正偏	正偏	正偏	-2.61×10^-13	-3.54×10^-13

电压测量精度	绝缘电阻最大测量误差
±0.5‰	9.07%
±1.0‰	19.55%
±2.0‰	46.36%
±3.0‰	85.38%
±4.0‰	147.4%
±5.0‰	261.4%

正母绝缘正常，负母绝缘下降，满足正母和负母绝缘电阻最大测量误差均小于20%的负母绝缘电阻可测范围			负母绝缘正常，正母绝缘下降，满足正母和负母绝缘电阻最大测量误差均小于20%的正母绝缘电阻可测范围
改进前	改进后		改进前	改进后
0～10 MΩ	0～10 MΩ		9.3～10 MΩ	0～10 MΩ

电桥电阻R_n1、R_p2	电桥电阻R_n2、R_p1	不同绝缘电阻的最大测量误差		误差中位值
电桥电阻R_n1、R_p2	电桥电阻R_n2、R_p1	1 kΩ	10 MΩ	误差中位值
0.2 MΩ	1.2 MΩ	1.57%	36.23%	16.39%
0.4 MΩ	2.4 MΩ	1.74%	19.55%	9.94%
0.6 MΩ	3.6 MΩ	1.91%	15.13%	8.13%
0.8 MΩ	4.8 MΩ	2.08%	13.23%	7.38%
1.0 MΩ	6.0 MΩ	2.24%	12.28%	7.05%
1.4 MΩ	8.4 MΩ	2.58%	11.51%	6.89%
1.8 MΩ	10.8 MΩ	2.92%	11.41%	7.03%
2.2 MΩ	13.2 MΩ	3.25%	11.61%	7.30%
2.6 MΩ	15.6 MΩ	3.59%	11.96%	7.65%
3.0 MΩ	18.0 MΩ	3.92%	12.40%	8.04%

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