Research progress on energy storage technologies of China in 2023

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0441

Energy Storage Science and Technology ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (5): 1359-1397.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0441

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Research progress on energy storage technologies of China in 2023

Haisheng CHEN¹(), Hong LI², Yujie XU¹, Dehou XU³, Liang WANG¹, Xuezhi ZHOU¹, Man CHEN⁴, Dongxu HU¹, Jingwang YAN⁵, Xianfeng LI⁵, Yongsheng HU², Zhongxun AN⁶, Yu LIU¹, Liye XIAO⁷, Kai JIANG⁸, Guobin ZHONG⁹, Qingsong WNAG¹⁰, Zhen LI¹¹, Xingjian DAI¹, Yuxin ZHANG¹, Zhenhua YU¹¹, Zhen SONG¹¹, Yumin PENG⁴, Yiming MA⁴, Huan GUO¹, Xing WANG¹, Xin ZHOU¹, Aowei HU¹, Chi ZHANG¹, Jiayuan XIANG¹², Hao ZHANG¹³, Wei LIU¹¹, Fen YUE¹¹, Changkun ZHANG⁵, Fei XIE², Hengheng XIA⁶, Chongyang YANG⁶, Qingquan QIU⁷, Wei AI¹, Haomiao LI⁸, Xuan LIU¹⁴, Wenxin MEI¹⁰, Huang LI¹⁰

^1.Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^2.Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^3.National Energy Large Scale Physical Energy Storage Technologies R&D Center of Bijie High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Bijie 551712, Guizhou, China
^4.Southern Power Grid Energy Storage Co. , Ltd. , Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
^5.Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
^6.Shanghai Aowei Technology Development Co. , Ltd. , Shanghai 201203
^7.Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^8.School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
^9.National institute of Guangdong Advanced Energy Storage, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong
^10.State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
^11.China Energy Storage Alliance, Beijing 100190, China
^12.Zhejiang Narada Power Source Co. , Ltd. , Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
^13.Institute of Chemical Defense, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
^14.Southern Power Grid Power Technology Co. , Ltd. , Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China

Received:2024-05-17 Revised:2024-05-22 Online:2024-05-28 Published:2024-05-28
Contact: Haisheng CHEN E-mail:chen_hs@iet.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

Research progress on energy storage technologies of China in 2023 is reviewed in this paper. By reviewing and analyzing three aspects in terms of fundamental study, technical research, integration and demonstration, the progress on China's energy storage technologies in 2023 is summarized on the basis of comprehensive analysis, including hydro pumped energy storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel, lithium-ion battery, lead battery, flow battery, sodium-ion battery, supercapacitor, new technologies, integration technology, firecontrol technology etc. It is found that important achievements in energy storage technologies have been obtained during 2023, and China is now the most active country in the world in energy storage fields on all the three aspects of fundamental study, technical research, integration and application, which maintained the first in terms of SCI paper number, filed patent number and installed capacity. Looking to 2024, energy storage technologies of China will very likely develop rapidly and need a high-quality development.

Key words: energy storage, technology, progress

CLC Number:

TK 02

Haisheng CHEN, Hong LI, Yujie XU, Dehou XU, Liang WANG, Xuezhi ZHOU, Man CHEN, Dongxu HU, Jingwang YAN, Xianfeng LI, Yongsheng HU, Zhongxun AN, Yu LIU, Liye XIAO, Kai JIANG, Guobin ZHONG, Qingsong WNAG, Zhen LI, Xingjian DAI, Yuxin ZHANG, Zhenhua YU, Zhen SONG, Yumin PENG, Yiming MA, Huan GUO, Xing WANG, Xin ZHOU, Aowei HU, Chi ZHANG, Jiayuan XIANG, Hao ZHANG, Wei LIU, Fen YUE, Changkun ZHANG, Fei XIE, Hengheng XIA, Chongyang YANG, Qingquan QIU, Wei AI, Haomiao LI, Xuan LIU, Wenxin MEI, Huang LI. Research progress on energy storage technologies of China in 2023[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(5): 1359-1397.

Figures/Tables 11

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Fig. 2

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Table 1

Progress of China′s energy storage technology and demonstration in 2023"

技术类型	关键技术进展	集成示范进展
抽水蓄能	①大型抽水蓄能电站工程建设技术，首台超大倾角可变径斜井硬岩隧道掘进技术；②海水可变速抽水蓄能整体技术；③抽水蓄能机组四大类核心控制子系统实现了全面国产化等。	①国内首台大型300 MW交流励磁变速抽蓄机组发电并网一次成功；②国内在运单机容量最大的双转速变速机组升级改造成功；③世界上海拔最高的大型抽水蓄能电站在四川道孚正式开工建设。
压缩空气储能	①首台300 MW级先进压缩空气储能系统宽工况轴流-离心组合式压缩机技术；②首台300 MW膨胀机研制成功；③首台300 MW先进压缩空气储能系统阵列化蓄热装置研制成功，单体容积达8000 m³，蓄热阵列总储热量达8.3 TJ。	①张家口国际首套100 MW先进压缩空气储能电站有效参与电网迎峰度夏；②山东肥城300 MW压缩空气储能电站于2023年11月受电成功；③河南信阳等多个压缩空气储能项目启动。
储热储冷	①多种基于膨胀石墨和不同熔点石蜡的复合相变储热材料完成制备；②以甲基纤维素和生物质材料作孔重整剂的宽温度范围储热材料性能得到优化；③新型环形翅片结构换热器技术；④双层填充床储热系统结构；⑤成功制备适用于冷链运输的新型相变储冷材料和相变凝胶等。	①全球首座电热熔盐储能注汽试验站在辽宁建成投产，储热规模达15 MW；②国内首台660 M煤电机组耦合蒸汽熔盐储热调峰项目成功投运；③我国首个液化天然气冷能养殖示范项目在广东正式运行。
飞轮储能	①火电机组耦合大规模飞轮储能群组协同调频控制技术完成工程验证；②采用矩阵控制技术取得突破；③飞轮储能辅助风电场一次调频的控制技术等。	①5 MW/175 kWh飞轮储能项目通过河南电科院一次调频现场试验；②MW级飞轮储能关键技术示范项目在二连浩特成功并网；③飞轮储能和百万千瓦级中间再热火电机组联合调频项目在莱芜投运。
铅蓄电池	①采用双极技术提高铅炭电池的循环寿命；②吉瓦时级铅炭储能系统集成技术及智能管理技术；③大容量铝基电池技术。	①浙江4 MWh微网储能、珠海6 MWh示范项目成功应用铅炭电池储能；②铅炭电池5.04 MW/48.66 MWh用户侧共享储能项目公开招标。
锂离子电池	①300 Ah以上大容量电芯；②寿命超过12000次电芯电池加工核心技术；③磷酸铁锂电池能量密度提升到190～200 Wh/kg；④效率更高的液冷技术、体积利用率突破72%的电池集成技术等	①多个典型锂电储能示范项目顺利并网，如全球单机功率最大20 MW上都电化学储能系统实现满功率运行；②新疆首座电网侧新型储能电站90 MW/180 MWh调峰调频电站并网投运等。
液流电池	①全钒电解液短流程开发技术；②70 kW级高功率密度全钒液流电池单体电堆开发，体积功率密度由70 kW每立方提高到130 kW每立方；③128 kW全钒液流电堆技术；④面向用户侧100 kWh锌溴液流电池系统的开发；⑤首台250 kW全铁液流储能系统进行3000小时稳定性验证。	②100 MW级全钒液流电池储能调峰电站接受电网调令实现毫秒级响应，一次调频功能投入使用；②察布查尔250 MW/1 GWh全钒液流电池储能项目总承包开标。
钠离子电池	①高容量正负极材料，在圆柱电芯中实现180 Wh/kg能量密度新突破；②循环寿命6000次以上80 Ah和240 Ah方形电芯；③采用聚阴离子正极技术软包电芯实现良好倍率和低温性能。	①搭载圆柱钠离子电芯续航里程252 km的钠电电动汽车示范；②全国首套10 MWh钠离子电池电力储能电站系统成功研制。
超级电容器	①高循环性能碳基材料技术、高导电性复合材料技术、优异比电容和倍率性能材料技术；②新型电极、隔膜制备技术、界面工程优化技术等；③新型水系电解质和有机电解质的制备技术；④“赝电容二极管”技术、新型超级电容二极管技术等。	①国内首套超级电容电气化铁路再生制动能量利用装置示范工程在南京成功运行；②配备了电池型超级电容路灯的京雄高速公路投入运营；③200 MW/400 MWh磷酸铁锂电池+20 MW/30 s超级电容混合储能调频电站项目开工建设。
储能新技术	①液态金属电池：长效服役调控和高效成组与管理技术等；②热泵储电技术：耦合余热技术等；③重力储能技术；④水系电池技术等。	—
集成技术	①H桥级联型电池储能技术；②新型模块化多电平储能系统和控制策略；③基于数据驱动的电池寿命预测技术等。	①佛山300 MW/600 MWh储能电站项目实现多种锂电池组合的“一站集成”；②内蒙古百万千瓦级风电基地配储一期配套安装电池容量40 MWh为全球电化学储能单机功率最大的储能系统。
消防安全技术	①采用蜂窝、仿生液冷板结构，使用低沸点介电制冷剂的高效散热技术；②基于光纤传感的电池热失控早期预警技术；③高耐压性能隔热材料、采用全氟己酮等热失控抑制和灭火技术。	①全球首个浸没式液冷储能电站南网梅州70 MW/140 MWh电站正式投运，5.2 MWh电池舱运行温升不超过5℃，不同电池温差不超过2 ℃；②从单一灭火系统转变采用复合消费系统，如广西200 MW/400 MWh采用全氟己酮和水喷淋技术。

Table 1

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Research progress on energy storage technologies of China in 2023

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