Energy efficiency analysis model and experimental verification of gravity energy storage system with gear box and chain transmission mechanisms

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0652

Abstract

Abstract:

To study the energy efficiency and the loss proportion of each link in the charging and discharging process of the transmission chain slope gravity energy storage system (TCS-GESS), the mathematical expression of each link loss and the corresponding energy efficiency calculation method were derived for the mass block movement, mechanical transmission, and electrical driving links of the system. Furthermore, an energy efficiency analysis model for TCS-GESS using MATLAB/Simulink was established. An experimental scheme was designed under charging and discharging conditions and measured the energy efficiency of each link of the system under different load conditions using a 2.2 kW gravity energy storage prototype. The accuracy and practicability of the energy efficiency analysis model were verified by comparing the results of the energy efficiency calculated with the five dimensions of speed, mechanical power, charging and discharging power, transmission loss, and motor loss. The results show that the system efficiency gradually increases with an increase in load. Among them, the chain loss accounts for a large proportion of each loss link. The loss of gearbox and gear plate was not significantly altered and accounts for a small proportion. The motor loss accounts for a medium proportion and increases as the load increases under charging and discharging conditions. Under rated load conditions, the charge and discharge efficiencies were 59.5% and 37.4%, respectively, and the system efficiency was 23.2%. Furthermore, the charging and discharging efficiency of the GESS with the same transmission mechanism and different rated powers was predicted. The results indicate that the charging and discharging efficiency was <68% when the system capacity was <1 MW, and the energy efficiency improvement potential of the system was limited when the capacity was >10 MW. Based on the findings from this study, this paper recommends selecting the optimal power range for a GESS utilizing the same transmission mechanism within the range of 1—10 MW.

Key words: gravity energy storage system (GESS), chain transmission, loss calculation, energy efficiency model

CLC Number:

TM 71

Tian GAO, Zufan WANG, Shuyang FANG, Youkang ZHANG, Liancheng ZHANG, Yongzhang HUANG, Haisen ZHAO. Energy efficiency analysis model and experimental verification of gravity energy storage system with gear box and chain transmission mechanisms[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(2): 688-698.

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质量块/kg	机械功率/W	质量块损耗/W	链条损耗/W	齿轮盘损耗/W	齿轮箱损耗/W	电机轴承损耗/W	电机损耗/W
198.65	944.01	68.64	237.2	86.24	81.48	55.9	287.1
255.8	1215	88.07	304.3	98.51	86.04	55.2	306.1
314.65	1489	107.9	372.8	104.9	90.67	54.43	340.3
358.9	1693	122.7	424.1	112.1	94.15	53.92	376.5
403.15	1896	137.4	474.9	119	97.59	53.35	408.5

质量块/kg	放电功率/W	质量块损耗/W	链条损耗/W	齿轮盘损耗/W	齿轮箱损耗/W	电机轴承损耗/W	电机损耗/W
198.65	163.5	66.75	274.45	84.83	78.87	56.1	241.3
255.8	328.9	87.1	355.15	94.97	83.76	56.49	240.2
314.65	490.3	108.15	438.75	105.45	88.83	56.93	248.8
358.9	615.7	124.05	501.85	113.45	92.66	57.24	251.8
403.15	740.1	140.05	565.25	121.35	96.51	57.57	256.4

功率等级	充电功率/kW	放电功率/kW	效率/%
100 kW	100.6	42.48	42.2
1 MW	1172	807.2	68.87
5 MW	5794	4258.42	73.49
10 MW	11556	8525.42	73.77
100 MW	115046	85167.4	74.02

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