Abstract:

As a crucial component and key pillar in constructing China's new energy system, new-type energy storage plays a vital role in ensuring the secure and stable operation of the modern power system and driving the green and low-carbon transition. While China has recently witnessed rapid growth in new-type energy storage installations and gradual policy framework development, the industry still faces multiple challenges in achieving high-quality development. This study systematically reviews the evolution of China's new-type energy storage industry, summarizes key policies introduced since the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and thoroughly analyzes the progress and critical issues in technological innovation, techno-economic viability, industrial competition, and institutional mechanisms. The findings reveal that China is currently at a critical juncture in integrating new-type energy storage with the power system, with significant future potential. However, the industry still confronts challenges such as high costs, pending breakthroughs in disruptive technologies, immature electricity market and dispatch mechanisms, intensifying "involution" and growing obstacles in global expansion. To address these issues, it is imperative to advance coordinated planning across power generation, grid infrastructure, load management, and storage systems; improve top-level institutional design and legal safeguards; accelerate breakthroughs in key technological bottlenecks; expedite product upgrades and iterations; refine electricity market and pricing mechanisms; enhance profitability; and promote broader and more diversified applications of new-type energy storage. These efforts will facilitate energy system transformation and industrial upgrading..

Key words: New-type Energy Storage, Long Duration Energy Storage, Capacity Payment, Generation-grid-load-storage Coordination