Analysis of heat production of nickel-rich lithium-ion battery based on electrochemical thermal coupling model

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0009

Abstract

Abstract:

The thermal effect of lithium-ion battery on the working process will affect its temperature and electrochemical performance and its safety and service life. For the design of battery thermal management systems, the change rule of thermal characteristics and heat generation mechanism of batteries in the process of discharge must be analyzed and the interaction of different properties of heat generation inside the battery under the temperature change be evaluated. Therefore, in this paper, an electrochemical thermal coupling model based on dynamic parameter response is established for nickel-rich ternary lithium-ion battery. The 0.3 and 1 C discharge and temperature rise experiments are conducted at 0°C and 40°C, respectively. The verification results showed that the coupling model has good accuracy and reliability and can accurately analyze the thermal characteristics of the battery. Based on the verified model, the temperature rise characteristics of Ni-rich Li-ion batteries under different discharge rates, ambient temperatures, and heat exchange environments are studied, and the internal heat generation mechanism and heating characteristics of the battery are further analyzed. The results revealed that the total heat production of the battery increases rapidly with the increase in the discharge rate, and the internal temperature inhomogeneity of the battery is aggravated. The large difference of the entropy heat coefficient between the positive and negative electrodes increases the heat production of the positive-electrode region and makes that of the negative electrode gentler. The research results can provide guidance for the thermal performance evaluation of lithium-ion battery and the design of the thermal management system of battery packs.

Key words: lithium ion battery, nickel rich lithium ternary, electrochemical thermal coupling, temperature rise characteristics, heat production analysis

CLC Number:

TM 912

Kuining LI, Yuncheng XIE, Yi XIE, Qinghua BAI, Jintao ZHENG. Analysis of heat production of nickel-rich lithium-ion battery based on electrochemical thermal coupling model[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(3): 1153-1162.

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符号	参数名称	单位	铜箔	负极	隔膜	正极	铝箔
L	电极厚度	μm	10	73	13	61	16
R	粒子半径	μm	—	9.93	—	6.32	—
Cs_max	最大固相锂离子浓度	mol/m³	—	48396	—	31389	—
Cs₀	初始浓度	mol/m³	—	18990	1200	17277	—
SOC_max	最大荷电状态	1	—	0.785	—	0.955	—
SOC_min	最小荷电状态	1	—	0.01	—	0.415	—
ε_s	固相体积分数	1	—	0.65	—	0.547	—
ε_e	液相体积分数	1	—	0.23	0.5307	0.332	—
σ	固相电导率	S/m	—	100	—	3.8	—
κ	液相电导率	S/m	—	—	式(1)	—	—
t⁺	锂离子迁移数	1	—	—	0.363	—	—
α	电荷传递系数	1	—	0.5	—	0.5	—
D_s	固相扩散系数	m²/s	—	式（3）	—	式(2)	—
D_e	液相扩散系数	m²/s	—	—	式(4)	—	—
k	电极反应常数	m/s	—	2e^-11	—	5e^-10	—
R	摩尔气体常数	J/(mol·K)	8.3145
F	法拉第常数	C/mol	95485
T_ref	参考温度	K	298.15

符号	参数名称	单位	值
ρ_bat	电池平均密度	kg/m³	2419.7
C_p	电池平均比热容	J/(kg·K)	1412
λ_x	x方向导热系数	W/(m·K)	23.4
λ_y	y方向导热系数	W/(m·K)	5.3
λ_z	z方向导热系数	W/(m·K)	17.2
h	综合对流换热系数	W/(m²·K)	20
T_amb	环境温度	K	293.15

测试步骤	测试内容
1	设置恒温箱温度为0 °C，搁置10 min
2	1 C恒流放电到截止电压2.75 V
3	搁置10 min
4	恒流充电到截止电压4.25 V
5	恒压充电至电流降为2.5 A
6	搁置1 h
7	0.3 C恒流放电到截止电压2.75 V，并记录放电与温升数据
8	保持恒温箱温度为0 °C，更改放电倍率为1 C，重复以上步骤
9	设置恒温箱温度为40 °C，重复以上实验步骤分别进行 0.3 C、1 C放电并记录放电与温升数据。

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