Energy Storage Science and Technology ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (4): 1110-1120.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0505

• Special issue of International Outstanding Young Scientists for Energy Storage • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Performance of PTCDI//δ-MnO2 aqueous ammonium-ion battery

Ying SUN1(), Qin ZHAO1, Bosi YIN1(), Tianyi MA2()   

  1. 1.Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, Liaoning, China
    2.Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3000, Australia
  • Received:2021-09-27 Revised:2021-11-01 Online:2022-04-05 Published:2022-04-11
  • Contact: Bosi YIN,Tianyi MA E-mail:853950893@qq.com;yinbosi@lnu.edu.cn;tianyima@swin.edu.au

Abstract:

Rechargeable aqueous ammonium-ion batteries using ammonium ions as carriers have many inherent advantages; however, research and exploration of full batteries are still in their infancy. Herein, we developed a 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI)//δ-MnO2 ammonium-ion battery system. The battery uses 0.5 mol/L NH4Ac as the electrolyte, layered δ-MnO2 as the cathode material, and PTCDI as the organic anode material, and it can work stably in the voltage range of 0—1.5 V. The layered δ-MnO2 cathode material was prepared through simple thermal decomposition of KMnO4 and was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. Through a proper combination of the PTCDI nanoparticle anode, the capacity retention rate of the full battery remained 92% of the initial capacity after 500 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A/g, and the coulombic efficiency was close to 100%, indicating excellent cycle stability. In addition, the energy storage mechanism of the δ-MnO2 nanosheet cathode and the ammonium-ion storage dynamics kinetics of the PTCDI organic anode were systematically studied. Ex situ XPS revealed that NH4+ can be reversibly intercalated/deintercalated in the cathode material. The full battery has a relatively high voltage window; thus, it can easily supply power to common electrical appliances, such as small fans and LEDs, and has a good development prospects. In summary, developing novel materials is of great significance to the construction of a new generation of safe and environmentally friendly aqueous ammonium-ion batteries.

Key words: aqueous ammonium-ion battery, δ-MnO2, PTCDI, cycle stability, ammonium-ion storage mechanism

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