Scaled-up diversified electrochemical energy storage LCOE and its economic analysis

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0348

Abstract

Abstract:

Multiple energy storage technology that optimizes the energy structure, promotes new energy development, and protects the ecological environment is the key to realizing new power systems utilizing new energy sources. This paper investigates the cost and economics of large-scale multiple electrochemical energy storage that meets the requirements of energy storage scale development. We first introduce the current application situation of domestic multi-electrochemical energy storage technology. To this end, we establish and measure the levelized cost of energy model for optimizing multi-electrochemical energy storage. We found that the power cost of electrochemical energy storage gradually decreases with increasing scale of the energy storage. In a comparison study, we then reveal that to improve the economics of electrochemical energy storage, we must reduce either the initial investment cost or the unit capacity cost of energy storage. Finally, we propose the economic development of future large-scale energy storage under China's national conditions.

Key words: multiple electrochemical energy storage, application status, optimized full-life LCOE model, economics

CLC Number:

TM 912

Yang LIU, Weijun TENG, Qingfa GU, Xin SUN, Yuliang TAN, Zhijin FANG, Jianlin LI. Scaled-up diversified electrochemical energy storage LCOE and its economic analysis[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(1): 312-318.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Fig. 1

Table 2

Key economic indicators of energy storage systems"

参数	锂离子电池	铅酸电池	钠硫电池	全钒液流电池
能量效率 $φ$ /%	85～95	75～90	75～90	75～85
放电深度 $θ D O D$ /%	90	70	100	100
容量衰减率 $η$ /(%/a)	1.5	3.6	0.01	0
服役年限n/a	15～20	3～5	8～10	15～20
单位功率成本 $δ P$ /(元/kW)	300～420	300～500	300～500	300～1000
单位容量成本 $δ E$ /(元/kWh)	1500～2300	500～800	2300～3500	3200
年运维成本系数 $μ$	0.5	0.3	0.46	0.5
单位容量换电成本 $δ R$ /(元/kWh)	850	500	2000	—
参考文献	[10-11]	[10-12]	[13-14]	[10, 15]

Table 2

Table 3

Fig. 2

Table 4

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

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项目名称	应用功能	储能方式说明
福建晋江100 MWh储能电站	辅助电网调频、调峰	30 MW/100 MWh锂离子电池储能系统
国网时代福建吉瓦级宁德霞浦储能工程	辅助电网调频、调峰	200 MW/400 MWh锂离子电池储能系统
三峡乌兰察布新一代电网友好绿色电站示范项目	平滑功率输出、跟踪计划出力、调频、调峰	550 MW/1100 MWh锂离子电池储能系统
江苏镇江百兆瓦级示范工程	需求响应、辅助调频、调压	100 MW/200 MWh锂离子电池储能系统
安徽金寨百兆瓦级共享储能示范项目	辅助电网调频、调峰	100 MW/200 MWh锂离子电池储能系统
国电投湖北襄阳百兆瓦全钒液流电池储能项目	增强电网消纳能力、辅助调峰、调频	100 MW/500 MWh全钒液流电池储能系统

类型	锂离子电池	铅酸电池	钠硫电池	全钒液流电池
不计充电成本	0.6634	0.9552	1.1985	0.8762
计及充电成本	0.9713	1.3520	1.5113	1.2321

电池种类	功率密度/(W/kg)	能量密度/(Wh/kg)	能量效率/%	循环寿命/次	持续放电时间/h	服役年限/a	技术成熟度	参考文献
锂离子电池	245～500	130～300	85～95	6000～15000	0.3～6	15～20	规模化应用	[10-11]
铅酸电池	180～200	30～50	75～90	500～2500	0.25～4	2～3	商业化初期	[10，12]
钠硫电池	150～240	220～240	80～90	4500	1～8	10～15	示范应用	[13-14]
全钒液流电池	80～130	50～140	75～85	15000	4～10	15～20	商业化初期	[10]

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