Low-carbon economic dispatch of an integrated energy system considering battery swapping stations

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0437

Abstract

Abstract:

As a distributed energy storage and demand response resource, battery swapping stations can provide greater flexibility for dispatching an integrated energy system. Carbon trading effectively improves the energy utilization efficiency and reduces environmental pollution. This study proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch model for an integrated energy system considering the battery swapping stations. First, the topology of the integrated energy system considering the battery swapping stations is established. Next, a reward and punishment-type stepped carbon trading mechanism is introduced, and a low-carbon economic dispatch model with the lowest system operating and carbon trading costs as the optimization objectives is established. The original model is transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming problem through piecewise linear interpolation. The model is then formulated using Yalmip and solved by employing the Cplex solver. The comparative analysis results of the different operating modes of the battery swapping station reveal that the station with ordered charging and discharging has flexible scheduling advantages in the integrated energy system. This station charges batteries during off-peak hours and flexibly releases energy during peak hours, thereby effectively reducing the load peak and narrowing the peak-valley difference. The reward and punishment-type stepped carbon trading mechanism also provides economic incentives for the integrated energy system. Profits can be obtained by selling surplus carbon quotas, which helps reduce the carbon trading costs. An analysis of the carbon trading price parameters shows that the carbon trading price increase will encourage the integrated energy system to increase the proportion of low-carbon energy, reduce carbon emissions, and maintain the system's economic and environmental sustainability.

Key words: battery swap station, B2G, reward and punishment type of stepped carbon trading, Integrated energy system, low-carbon economic dispatch

CLC Number:

TM 65

Haodong JIAO, Aiqing YU, Yufei WANG. Low-carbon economic dispatch of an integrated energy system considering battery swapping stations[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(10): 3254-3264.

Figures/Tables 19

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table 1

Table 2

Energy storage parameters"

参数	电储能	热储能	冷储能
$E E S m a x$ /(kW·h)	135	90	90
$P E S, d i s m a x$ /kW	30	20	20
$P E S, c h a m a x$ /kW	30	20	20
$E E S m i n$ /(kW·h)	15	0	0
$η c h a E S$ / $η d i s E S$	0.9	0.88	0.9
$ε E S$	0.001	0.001	0.001

Table 2

Table 3

Device parameters"

参数	参数值	参数	参数值
$η E C$	3.5	$η M T g e$	0.3
$η A C$	1.2	$η M T g h$	0.4
$P M T, m a x$ /kW	300	$η G B g h$	0.9
$C A C, m a x$ /kW	150	$η R H B$	0.85
$H G B, m a x$ /kW	400	$C E C, m a x$ /kW	150

Table 3

Table 4

BSS parameters"

参数	参数值	参数	参数值
$α 0$	6	$N b a t$	150
$P c h a$ ， $P d i s$ /kW	15	$E b$ /(kW·h)	30
$η c$ ， $η d$	0.95	$N p o s, m a x$	20

Table 4

Table 5

Carbon emission parameters"

参数	参数值
单位电量的无偿碳排放额 $δ e$ /[t/(MW·h)]	0.728
单位热量的无偿碳排放额 $δ h$ /[t/(MW·h)]	0.102
碳交易价格/(元/t)	267.6
碳交易价格增长系数 $γ$	0.25

Table 5

Table 6

Actual carbon emission model parameters"

耗电型			耗气型
$a 1$	$b 1$	$c 1$	$a 2$	$b 2$	$c 2$
0.0034	-0.38	36	0.001	-0.004	3

Table 6

Table 7

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Table 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

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参数	场景1	场景2	场景3	场景4
碳交易成本/元	—	361.04	93.63	-221.47
碳排放量/kg	8172.2	7582.2	6733.6	6114.9
运维成本/元	544.17	584.65	612.28	626.98
购能成本/元	10535	9466.5	9200	8705.4
电池折旧成本/元	511.58	511.58	511.58	1076.3
总成本/元	11591	10924	10417	10187

参数	无序充电	有序充电	有序充放电	基本电负荷
负荷峰值/kW	744.74	650	575.53	650
负荷谷值/kW	148	263	330.79	148
峰谷差/kW	596.74	387	244.74	502

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