Lead carbon ultrabatteries for energy storage

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4239.2015.06.002

Abstract

Abstract: Energy storage technologies show broad application prospects in renewable energy systems such as wind and solar energy, and in the construction of smart grid/micro grids. Lead-acid batteries have dominated the market in stationary energy storage due to their advantages of low price, high-unit voltage, stable performance, and a wide operating temperature range. However, lead-acid batteries under hybrid electric veheciles (HEV) and renewable-energy applications must be operated at different state-of-charge windows. In particular, under high-rate partial-state-of-charge (HRPSoC) duty, lead-acid batteries fail prematurely due to the sulfation of the negative plates. Lead carbon ultrabatteies are a new hybrid energy storage device, which combines a lead acid battery and an asymmetric supercapacitor in single unit, with the advantage of both high energy of lead acid battery and high power of supercapacitor. The uneven distribution of lead sulfate across the cross-section of negative plate during discharge and the early evolution of hydrogen during charge should be suppressed. There fore, lead carbon ultrabatteies have longer cycling life in a wider state-of-charge window, which is suitable for high rate cycling and pulse applications. The concept and the basic principles of lead carbon ultrabatteries and its recent developments are summarized.

Key words: energy storage, lead-acid battery, lead carbon ultrabattery, negative active material

CLC Number:

TK02

TAO Zhanliang, CHEN Jun. Lead carbon ultrabatteries for energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2015, 4(6): 546-555.

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