Current status and suggestions for the construction of power battery standard system

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0391

Abstract

Abstract:

Power battery is the core component of new energy vehicles, which plays a decisive role in the power, safety, driving range, and service life of new energy vehicles. Domestic and foreign standardization organizations have successfully formulated and issued power battery standards, including safety, electrical performance, and other aspects. However, the analysis found that the existing standards are still insufficient to cover the life of power batteries and actual complex application scenarios. In addition, advanced technologies represented by all-climate and solid/semi-solid state batteries have also put forward new requirements for power battery standardization. Therefore, this paper systematically summarizes the domestic and foreign power battery standardization organizations, such as UN/WP.29, ISO, IEC, and SAC/TC114/SC27 and the current state and main content of the published standards. Also, the paper analyzes the differences between domestic and foreign power battery standards in formulation ideas, technical requirements, test methods from standard classification, practical application scenarios, etc., providing a more comprehensive understanding of the various standards' specific contents. Furthermore, this paper focuses on examining the main missing items and new standardization requirements from the perspective of complete life cycle safety, service life, residual value, full climate all-around performance, environmental protection, compatibility, exchange, etc., by combining with the current state of domestic and foreign power battery standards and technology development trend. On this basis, some suggestions on the formulation, revision of specific standard items and standard systems are made, providing a reference for optimizing and improving the power battery standard system in China.

Key words: power battery, standard system, standard requirements

CLC Number:

TM 912

Jian HU, Chunjing LIN, Weijian HAO, Tianlei ZHENG. Current status and suggestions for the construction of power battery standard system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(1): 313-320.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

National and industry standards for power batteries"

序号	类别	内容	标准名称	状态
1	国家标准	安全	GB 38031—2020电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求	现行有效
2		电性能	GB/T 31467.1—2015电动汽车用锂离子动力蓄电池包和系统第1部分：高功率应用测试规程	现行有效
3		电性能	GB/T 31467.2—2015电动汽车用锂离子动力蓄电池包和系统第2部分：高能量应用测试规程	现行有效
4		电性能	GB/T 31486—2015电动汽车用动力蓄电池电性能要求及试验方法	现行有效
5		寿命	GB/T 31484—2015电动汽车用动力蓄电池循环寿命要求及试验方法	现行有效
6		回收利用	GB/T 34015—2017车用动力电池回收利用余能检测	现行有效
7		回收利用	GB/T 34015.2—2020车用动力电池回收利用梯次利用第2部分：拆卸要求	现行有效
8		回收利用	GB/T 33598—2017车用动力电池回收利用拆解规范	现行有效
9		回收利用	GB/T 33598.2—2017车用动力电池回收利用再生利用第2部分：材料回收要求	现行有效
10		回收利用	GB/T 38698.1—2020车用动力电池回收利用管理规范第1部分：包装运输	现行有效
11		回收利用	GB/T车用动力电池回收利用梯次利用第3部分：梯次利用要求	在研
12		回收利用	GB/T车用动力电池回收利用梯次利用第4部分：梯次利用产品标识	在研
13		回收利用	GB/T车用动力电池回收利用再生利用第3部分：放电规范	在研
14		回收利用	GB/T车用动力电池回收利用管理规范第2部分：回收服务网点	在研
15		基础	GB/T 34013—2017电动汽车用动力蓄电池产品规格尺寸	现行有效
16		基础	GB/T 34014—2017汽车动力蓄电池编码规则	现行有效
17		专项	GB/T 18333.2—2015电动道路车辆用锌空气蓄电池	现行有效
18		专项	GB/T 38661—2020电动汽车用电池管理系统技术条件	现行有效
19		专项	GB/T 39086—2020电动汽车用电池管理系统功能安全要求及试验方法	现行有效
20		专项	GB/T电动汽车用混合电源技术要求	在研
21	行业标准	安全	QC/T电动汽车动力蓄电池排气试验方法	在研
22		回收利用	QC/T车用动力电池回收利用单体拆解技术规范	在研
23		基础	QC/T 840—2010电动汽车用动力蓄电池产品规格尺寸	现行有效
24		基础	QC/T 989—2014电动汽车用动力蓄电池箱通用要求	现行有效
25		基础	QC/T 1023—2015电动汽车用动力蓄电池系统通用要求	现行有效
26		安全	QC/T电动汽车动力蓄电池热管理系统(系列标准)	在研
27		专项	QC/T 741—2014车用超级电容器	现行有效
28		专项	QC/T 742—2006电动汽车用铅酸蓄电池	现行有效
29		专项	QC/T 744—2006电动汽车用金属氢化物镍蓄电池	现行有效
30		专项	QC/T 897—2011电动汽车用电池管理系统技术条件	现行有效

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

International standards for power batteries"

序号	类别	内容	标准名称	状态
1	ISO	安全	ISO 6469-1:2019 Electrically propelled road vehicles—Safety specifications—Part 1: Rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) 电动道路车辆-安全要求第1部分：车载储能系统(RESS)	现行有效
2		安全	ISO 6469-1:2019 AMENDMENT 1:Safety management of thermal propagation 热失控安全管理要求	在研
3		电性能	ISO 12405-4:2018 Electrically propelled road vehicles—Test specification for lithium-ion traction battery packs and systems—Part 4: Performance testing 电动道路车辆-锂离子动力电池包和系统试验规程第4部分：性能测试	现行有效
4		基础	ISO/IEC PAS 16898:2012 Electrically propelled road vehicles—Dimensions and designation of secondary lithium-ion cells 电动道路车辆-锂离子动力电池尺寸和结构	现行有效
5		专项	ISO 18300:2016 Electrically propelled vehicles—Test specifications for lithium-ion battery systems combined with lead acid battery or capacitor 电动道路车辆-锂离子电池与铅酸电池或电容器混合系统测试方法	现行有效
6	IEC	安全	IEC 62660.2:2018 Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles—Part 2: Reliability and abuse testing 电动道路车辆用锂离子动力电池第2部分：可靠性和滥用试验	现行有效
7		安全	IEC 62660-3:2016 Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles—Part 3: Safety requirements 电动道路车辆用锂离子动力电池第3部分：安全要求	现行有效
8		安全	IEC TR 62660-4:2017 Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles—Part 4: Candidate alternative test methods for the internal short circuit test of IEC 62660-3 电动道路车辆用锂离子动力电池第4部分：内短路可选测试方法	现行有效
9		电性能	IEC 62660-1:2018 Secondary lithium-ion cells for the propulsion of electric road vehicles—Part 1: Performance testing 电动道路车辆用锂离子动力电池第1部分：性能试验	现行有效
10		回收利用	IEC General guidance on reuse of secondary cells and batteries 二次电池回收利用通用指南	在研
11		回收利用	IEC Requirements for re-purposing of secondary batteries 二次电池再生利用要求	在研

Table 4

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

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