Effect of the binding force on the safety of LiFePO4 cells

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0250

Abstract

Abstract:

Prismatic lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) Li-ion cells at the end of life (EOL) were selected as the research subject. A testing metal plate was used to simulate the cell with a binding force in a battery system. The effects of the binding force on the over-discharge, overcharge, external short circuit, heating, and nail penetration performance were investigated systematically. The binding force strongly affected cell safety and could reduce the safety risks and improve safety performance. A binding force about 3 kN could lead to the following: less swelling, avoiding rupture and electrolyte leakage during over-discharge; lower probability of explosion during overcharge; retarded growth of internal resistance and swelling; reduced electrolyte leakage and internal short circuit occurrence in an external short circuit; reduced thermal runaway temperature in heating; improved the nail penetration safety, avoiding fire, flame, and thick smoke release. This research improves the understanding of the safety of LiFePO₄ power batteries and can provide useful data to assist in battery system design and safety standard formulation.

Key words: prismatic, LiFePO₄, binding force, safety

CLC Number:

TM 912

Bozheng LIU, Liuyang CAO, Tao ZENG, Yaxia YIN, Yuguo GUO. Effect of the binding force on the safety of LiFePO₄ cells[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(8): 2556-2563.

Figures/Tables 19

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References 26

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电池编号	束缚力	Δ电压/V	Δ内阻/%	Δ重量/g	Δ厚度/%
Cell-1	有	-3.402	543	-0.3	26
Cell-2	有	-3.346	65	-0.3	28
Cell-3	无	-3.337	95	-11.9	36
Cell-4	无	-3.406	604	-10.0	50
Cell-5	无	-3.382	352	-17.9	38

电池编号	束缚力	Δ电压/V	Δ内阻/%	Δ重量/g	Δ厚度/%
Cell-1	有	-3.406	/	-579.1	1
Cell-2	有	-0.360	42	-29.8	3
Cell-3	有	0.019	40	-53.0	2
Cell-4	无	-3.399	/	-2231.3	/
Cell-5	无	-3.399	/	-485.2	/

电池编号	束缚力	Δ电压/V	Δ内阻/%	Δ重量/g	Δ厚度/%
Cell-1	有	-2.873	2	-0.3	26
Cell-2	有	-2.919	9	-0.3	21
Cell-3	无	-2.950	23	-0.3	37
Cell-4	无	-3.351	38	-14.1	37
Cell-5	无	-3.264	30	-0.4	35

电池编号	束缚力	Δ电压/V	Δ内阻/%	Δ重量/g	Δ厚度/%
Cell-1	有	-3.376	/	-444.3	0
Cell-2	有	-3.404	/	-568.9	1
Cell-3	无	-3.392	/	-584.8	49
Cell-4	无	-3.424	/	-578.1	50

电池编号	束缚力	Δ电压/V	Δ内阻/%	Δ重量/g	Δ厚度/%
Cell-1	有	-3.395	9	-20.4	1
Cell-2	有	-3.404	10	-23.6	8
Cell-3	有	-3.324	57	-46.5	2
Cell-4	无	-3.390	21	-30.4	4
Cell-5	无	-3.427	3733	-544.7	36

Effect of the binding force on the safety of LiFePO₄ cells

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测试项目	束缚力	测试关键现象	是否开阀	测试过程最高温度/℃
过放电	有	无2	否2	70，66
过放电	无	壳底漏液3	否3	89，94，40
过充电	有	爆炸开阀1，开阀2	是3	242，77，42
过充电	无	爆炸不开阀2	否2	105，305
外部短路	有	无2	否2	200，121
外部短路	无	无2，壳底漏液1	否3	134，342，238
加热	有	极柱漏液1，开阀浓烟1	否1，是1	263，363
加热	无	开阀浓烟2	是2	413，441
针刺	有	针刺处漏液3	否3	93，74，89
针刺	无	针刺处漏液1，起火1	否2	95，269

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