Abstract:

The use of fossil fuels as the primary source of energy has caused several negative environmental effects, including global warming and air pollution. Despite having numerous benefits, the storage of hydrogen is a serious issue, as a potential non-carbon-based energy resource, which can replace fossil fuels. It is extensively employed, clean and safe. Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) appears to be a crucial means of a large-scale and long-term energy storage solution. This research analysis underground hydrogen storage projects around the world. The salt cavern has the benefits of good sealing, a stable structure, and easy engineering application when combined with research. This demonstrates that the salt cavern is one of the most promising options for UHS. With a feasible and economical solution for fulfilling the large-scale UHS in the Jintan salt mine being proposed in this study, also introduced are the difficulties associated with underground hydrogen storage. Mechanisms that can compromise well integrity and generate leaks include microbial corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement, cement degradation, elastomer failure, caprock sealing failure, and hydrogen leakage. The difference between supply and demand is reduced by storing the energy converted into hydrogen. The key issues of "production, storage, and transportation of hydrogen" could be solved. This is of great significance for the large-scale storage of renewable energy, the use of green hydrogen sources, and the development of a low-carbon economy.

Key words: hydrogen energy, salt cavern hydrogen storage, underground storage, low-carbon economy