Nb2C MXene衍生Nb2O5多层纳米片的快速合成及其在锂离子电容器中的性能

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0559

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，随着电动汽车和储能领域的快速发展，锂离子电容器(LICs)因其高功率密度和相对较高的能量密度而备受关注。五氧化二铌(Nb₂O₅)因具有高容量和优异的倍率性能等特点，而成为最重要的负极材料之一。然而，目前报道的Nb₂O₅基负极材料的合成均需要复杂的制造工艺或做特殊处理。因此，本工作开发了一种通过氧化多层Nb₂C MXene材料快速合成多层Nb₂O₅纳米片的方法。借助X射线衍射谱(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜技术(SEM)、比表面积分析、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和电化学技术等测试表征手段，对所制得的多层Nb₂O₅纳米片进行了表征。在高温煅烧的初始阶段，前驱体由Nb₂C MXene材料转变为正交Nb₂O₅(T-Nb₂O₅)，并保留了MXene材料的多层纳米片微结构。随着烧结时间的增加，转变为由伪六方Nb₂O₅(TT-Nb₂O₅)纳米颗粒组成的纳米片结构。与TT-Nb₂O₅纳米颗粒相比，多层T-Nb₂O₅纳米片电极显示出更高的比容量和更优异的倍率特性。同时，T-Nb₂O₅电极在半电池和锂离子混合电容器中都表现出优秀的循环性能。多层T-Nb₂O₅材料更加优异的储锂性能可能源于其多片层结构、准二维锂离子扩散通道和快速赝电容响应能力三者的协同作用。

关键词: 能量存储与转化, 锂离子电容器, Nb₂O₅, 快速合成

Abstract:

In recent years, lithium ion capacitors (LICs) attract much attention due to their high power density and relatively high energy density with rapid development of electric vehicles and energy storage. Niobium pentoxide (Nb₂O₅) is one of the most important anode materials owning to its high capacity and superior rate capability. However, complicated fabrication process or special treatments are required in the synthesis of Nb₂O₅ based anode material. Herein, a fast synthesis of multilayer Nb₂O₅ nanosheets by oxidizing the multilayer Nb₂C MXene material is developed. The multilayer Nb₂O₅ nanosheets are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical analysis. Initially, the precursor transform into orthorhombic Nb₂O₅ (T-Nb₂O₅) which inherit the multilayer nanosheet microstructure. With prolonged sintering time, the orthorhombic phase turns into pseudohexagonal Nb₂O₅ (TT-Nb₂O₅) nanoparticles. Compared with TT-Nb₂O₅ nanoparticles, multilayer T-Nb₂O₅ nanosheet electrode shows higher specific capacity and better rate capability. The T-Nb₂O₅ electrode also shows excellent cycle performances both in half-cells and LICs. The excellent lithium storage performances of the multilayer T-Nb₂O₅ material may be due to the synergistic effect of its multi-layer microstructure, inherent quasi-2D Li-ion channel and rapid pseudocapacitive response.

Key words: energy storage and conversion, LICs, Nb₂O₅, fast synthesis

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

王鑫, 胡培, 周远明, 徐进霞, 蒋妍. Nb₂C MXene衍生Nb₂O₅多层纳米片的快速合成及其在锂离子电容器中的性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(1): 38-44.

Xin WANG, Pei HU, Yuanming ZHOU, Jinxia XU, Yan JIANG. Fast synthesis of Nb₂O₅ nanosheets derived from Nb₂C MXene for lithium ion capacitors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(1): 38-44.

图/表 6

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Nb₂C MXene衍生Nb₂O₅多层纳米片的快速合成及其在锂离子电容器中的性能

Fast synthesis of Nb₂O₅ nanosheets derived from Nb₂C MXene for lithium ion capacitors

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