电极结构对锂离子电容器电性能的影响

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0168

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分别采用干法和湿法涂布工艺制备出活性炭正极和石墨负极，制作成066090型软包锂离子电容器(LIC)单体。采用恒流充放电嵌锂法对负极进行预锂化，理论嵌锂深度为85%。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、剥离强度、电性能测试等表征方法，分析了干法和湿法涂布工艺对电极结构和形貌、黏结性能及电性能的影响。阐述了电极结构对软包LIC容量、内阻、耐久性、循环性能和低温性能的影响。结果表明，干法电极内有充分的黏结剂纤维结构，碳颗粒的接触紧密。干法电极的体积密度相比湿法涂布电极提高了8%以上，其剥离强度比湿法电极高50%以上。正极面密度/负极面密度为1时，在2.2～3.8 V的电压区间内，用干法电极组装的软包LIC的初始容量和内阻分别为645 F和25.5 mΩ，均高于用湿法电极组装的同类产品。用干法电极组装的软包LIC经1000 h耐久性测试后容量保持97%以上，经10万次循环充放电后容量保持88%，在-30 ℃下容量保持76%，均优于用湿法电极组装的同类产品。

关键词: 锂离子电容器, 贯穿箔, 预锂化, 干法电极

Abstract:

Activated carbon cathode and graphite anode were prepared using dry and wet processes, respectively. The 066090-type flexible packing lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) monomer was made, which the anode was pre-lithiation by charging and discharging at constant current with a theoretical lithiation depth of 85%. Scanning electron microscopy, peeling strength, and electrical performance tests were used to investigate the effects of the dry and wet coating processes on the electrode structure and morphology, bonding performance, and electrical performances. The effects of electrode structure on flexible packing LIC capacity, internal resistance, endurance, cycling, and low-temperature performance were described. The results reveal that sufficient fibrous structures of the binder are observed in the dry electrode, and the carbon particles have close contact. The bulk density of the dry electrode increase by more than 8% compared with that of the wet coating electrode, and its peel strength is more than 50% higher than that of the wet coating electrode. When the areal density ratio of activated carbon cathode to graphite anode is 1, the initial capacity and internal resistance of the flexible packing LIC are 645 F and 25.5 mΩ at the potential range 2.2—3.8 V, respectively, both of which are higher than those of the wet coating electrode. The capacity of the flexible packing LIC assembled with dry electrode maintains above 97% after 1000 h endurance test, maintaining 88% after 100,000 cycles, and maintaining 76% at -30 ℃, which are superior to those of the products assembled with wet coating electrode. This research will help promote the use of dry electrodes in LIC products and serve as an experimental foundation for the research and development of high-performance LICs.

Key words: lithium-ion capacitor, perforated foil, pre-lithiation, dry electrode

中图分类号:

TM 911

郭义敏, 郭德超, 张啟文, 龙超, 何凤荣. 电极结构对锂离子电容器电性能的影响[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(6): 2106-2111.

Yimin GUO, Dechao GUO, Qiwen ZHANG, Chao LONG, Fengrong HE. Influences of electrode structure on the electrical performances of lithium-ion capacitor[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(6): 2106-2111.

图/表 6

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参考文献 16

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集流体	电极名称	厚度/μm	面密度/(g/m²)	体积密度/(g/cm³)	剥离强度/(N/cm)
涂炭铝箔	干法正极	220	130.3	0.672	0.75
涂炭铜箔	干法负极	100	129.8	1.475	0.88
涂炭铝箔	湿法涂布正极	220	119.9	0.618	0.49
涂炭铜箔	湿法涂布负极	100	119.7	1.360	0.59

电极类型	正极面密度/(g/m²)	负极面密度/(g/m²)	正极面密度/负极面密度	初始容量/F	内阻/mΩ
干法电极	130.3	129.8	1.00	645	25.5
湿法涂布电极	119.9	119.7	1.00	592	24.5

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