月桂酸/十四醇/二氧化硅定形相变材料的制备及性能研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0202

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了克服建筑用相变材料实际应用时容易泄漏的缺陷，本工作利用溶胶-凝胶法，以二氧化硅为载体，对储能基体月桂酸/十四醇复合相变材料（LA-TD）进行封装，制备了月桂酸/十四醇/二氧化硅定形相变材料（LA-TD/SiO₂）。从缩合反应pH值、搅拌速率以及相变材料添加量三个方面确定了定形相变材料的最佳制备体系，并对最佳制备体系下得到的定形相变材料进行了扫描电子显微镜分析（SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱分析（FT-IR）、差式扫描量热分析（DSC）和热失重分析（TG）表征测试，研究了定形相变材料的表面形貌以及热物性。结果表明，定形相变材料在微观上呈规则球状，粒径最大不超过30 μm，SiO₂对LA-TD形成了有效包裹，二者之间仅为物理结合。定形相变材料的相变温度和相变潜热分别为24.81 ℃和47.96 J/g，相变温度较LA-TD（25.0 ℃）有轻微下降，相变潜热约为LA-TD（136.28 J/g）的1/3，与LA-TD在定形相变材料中的含量基本吻合，表明定形封装的效果较好。500次冷热循环老化实验后的DSC与TG测试表明定形相变材料具有良好的热稳定性，可应用于建筑墙体。

关键词: 相变材料, 定形, 二氧化硅, 相变温度, 相变潜热

Abstract:

Phase change materials (PCMs) can easily leak from building materials. A shape-stabilized phase change material (ssPCM), called LA-TD/SiO₂, is prepared herein through the sol–gel method to overcome the leakage defect. The optimum preparation process of LA-TD/SiO₂ is determined from the pH value and the stirring rate of the condensation reaction and from the amount of added LA-TD. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermal gravimetric tests are performed to study the LA-TD/SiO₂ properties. The results show that LA-TD/SiO₂ is spherical in the SEM morphology. The maximum particle size of LA-TD/SiO₂ is less than 30 μm. LA-TD is effectively wrapped by SiO₂, and they are physically combined. The phase change temperature of LA-TD/SiO₂is 24.81 °C, which is slightly lower than that of LA-TD (i.e., 25.0 °C). The latent heat of LA-TD/SiO₂ is 47.96 J/g, which is approximately 1/3 that of LA-TD (i.e., 136.28 J/g). Accordingly, 500 melting/solidification cycling experiments show that LA-TD/SiO₂ has good thermal stability and can be used for building application.

Key words: phase change materials, shape-stabilized, silicon dioxide, phase change temperature, latent heat

中图分类号:

TK 02

王赛, 孙志高, 李娟, 李翠敏. 月桂酸/十四醇/二氧化硅定形相变材料的制备及性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(6): 1768-1774.

Sai WANG, Zhigao SUN, Juan LI, Cuimin LI. Preparation and properties of lauric acid/tetradecanol/SiO₂ shape-stabilized phase change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(6): 1768-1774.

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参数	芯壁比	1∶1.5	1∶2	1∶3	0∶1
导热系数 /W·(m·K)^-1	1	0.2504	0.2659	0.2806	0.3092
	2	0.2513	0.2571	0.2777	0.3049
	3	0.2527	0.2606	0.2870	0.2999
平均值/W·(m·K)^-1		0.2515	0.2612	0.2818	0.3047

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