不同粒径活性炭/肉豆蔻酸复合相变材料

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0232

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用不同粒径活性炭(AC)为支撑材料，肉豆蔻酸(MA)为相变主材，采用熔融共混法制备不同AC/MA定型复合相变材料。借助电动压片机、红外成像仪、稳态热导率测试仪和半导体电阻率测试仪对材料物理性质及性能进行测试。结果表明，MA中添加200、300、325和400目(1目=1.5 μm，余同)AC的最佳质量分数分别为47%、42%、38%和35%，添加质量分数随粒径减小而减小；成型复合材料的密度随AC质量分数和成型压力增加而增大，而泄漏率则随其增加而减小。成型复合材料的温度场分布更均匀，蓄-放热时间均比纯MA短。复合材料热导率分别比纯MA提高了1.91～4.11、2.05～3.93、1.71～3.93和1.97～4.11倍。复合材料的电阻率会随压力和石墨添加质量分数增加而减小，添加10%的石墨后，电阻率降低1～2个数量级；液态下混合材料电阻率波动更小；拟合分析显示材料电阻率与压力之间呈指数衰减趋势。

关键词: 活性炭, 定型复合相变材料, 温度场分布, 热导率, 电阻率

Abstract:

The organic phase change materials show good potential for development in the future; they are widely used in building energy saving, low-temperature storage of solar energy, waste heat recovery, intelligent textiles, constant temperature protection of electronic devices, and battery thermal management. Myristic acids (MAs) were used as the main phase change materials, and activated carbons (ACs) of different sizes were used for the framework. All the AC/MA composites as form-stable phase change materials were prepared by the melt-blending method. The physical properties and performance of the composites as form-stable phase change materials were characterized by a tablet pressing machine, infrared thermal imagery, a thermal conductivity instrument, and a resistivity meter. The optimum mass fractions of AC with 200, 300, 325 and 400-mesh in the MA were 47%, 42%, 38% and 35%, respectively. The mass fractions decreased with the decrease in particle size of the AC. The density of the composites as form-stable phase change materials increased with the increasing CA mass fraction and the molding pressure, while the leakage rate decreased with the increase of the pressure and the CA mass. The temperature field distributions of the composites, as form-stable phase change materials, were more evenly distributed, and the heat storage and release time were shorter than that of the pure MA. The thermal conductivity of the composite materials was increased by 1.91～4.11, 2.05～3.93, 1.71～3.93, and 1.97～4.11 times that of the pure MA. The resistivity of the composite material would decrease with the increase of pressure and the graphite adding mass fraction. After adding 10% graphite, the resistivity would decrease by 1～2 orders of magnitude. The resistivity of the mixed material fluctuates less in a liquid state. The fitting analysis shows that there is an exponential attenuation trend between the resistivity and the pressure.

Key words: activated carbon, composites as form-stable phase change materials, temperature field distributions, thermal conductivities, resistivities

中图分类号:

TK 02

徐众, 侯静, 李军, 吴恩辉, 黄平, 唐亚兰. 不同粒径活性炭/肉豆蔻酸复合相变材料[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(1): 177-189.

Zhong XU, Jing HOU, Jun LI, Enhui WU, Ping HUANG, Yalan TANG. Properties of different particle-sized activated carbon/myristic acid composite phase change material[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 177-189.

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AC1/MA		AC2/MA		AC3/MA		AC4/MA
AC1/%	T₁/℃	AC2/%	T₁/℃	AC3/%	T₁/℃	AC4/%	T₁/℃
10	2.0	10	3.5	10	3.0	10	2.6
20	2.8	20	1.9	20	3.6	20	2.3
30	3.6	30	3.3	30	4.0	30	1.6
40	2.4	40	2.4	40	1.0	33	3.5
50	2.3	50	0.6	45	1.2	34	2.4
60	0.6	55	0.6	50	0.6	35	0.6

压力/MPa	纯MA		AC1/MA		AC2/MA		AC3/MA		AC4/MA
压力/MPa	T₁/℃	T₂/℃	T₁/℃	T₂/℃	T₁/℃	T₂/℃	T₁/℃	T₂/℃	T₁/℃	T₂/℃
0			3.1	2.7	1.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	1.1	3.6
2	8.4	3.1	6.3	2.9	3.3	0.6	1.8	0.6	0.6	0.5
4	4.1	2.5	4.0	2.4	0.9	0.5	0.6	0.5	2.5	0.7
6	4.6	1.9	0.6	0.6	5.6	2.6	3.1	0.6	8.7	5.7
8	4.9	3.2	0.8	1.3	5.1	2.4	3.9	1.8	5.1	5.1
10	3.5	3.0	0.8	0.6	5.3	1.7	5.6	2.3	3.4	2.3

材料	拟合方程	决定系数R²
AC4	y=2179.7+19534.6×exp(-x/2.0563)	0.98378
AC4+8% graphite	y=396.65+9130.98×exp(-x/1.3769)	0.98929
AC4+10% graphite	y=89.091+6212.06×exp(-x/1.10557)	0.99657
AC1/MA+8% graphite	y=53.7174+3435.53×exp(-x/1.43462)	0.96591
AC2/MA+8% graphite	y=9.18046+2017.35×exp(-x/1.4661)	0.99234
AC3/MA+8% graphite	y=16.3976+7789.82×exp(-x/1.3499)	0.99956
AC4/MA+8% graphite	y=6.58653+320.273×exp(-x/1.8332)	0.99231
AC1/MA+10% graphite	y=12.2668+1867.63×exp(-x/1.1826)	0.97837
AC2/MA+10% graphite	y=4.12206+344.133×exp(-x/1.3839)	0.98201
AC3/MA+10% graphite	y=7.75698+1922.48×exp(-x/1.0871)	0.98899
AC4/MA+10% graphite	y=4.11500+290.631×exp(-x/1.6605)	0.98819
AC4+10% graphite +MA	y=19.8737+2902.24×exp(-x/0.8959)	0.99927

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