氢燃料汽车双向DC-DC变换器改进模型预测控制

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0210

储能科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (6): 2046-2052.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0210

氢燃料汽车双向DC-DC变换器改进模型预测控制

刘偲艳¹(), 胡毕华²

^1.光伏发电系统控制与优化湖南省工程实验室
^2.湘潭大学自动化与电子信息学院，湖南湘潭 411100

收稿日期:2021-05-13 修回日期:2021-06-16 出版日期:2021-11-05 发布日期:2021-11-03
通讯作者: 刘偲艳 E-mail:690324828@qq.com
作者简介:刘偲艳（1987—），女，硕士，讲师，主要从事电力电子技术在储能、新能源应用领域应用研究，E-mail：690324828@qq.com。
基金资助:
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(19C0873)

Model predictive control for bidirectional DC-DC converter of hydrogen fuel vehicles

Siyan LIU¹(), Bihua HU²

^1.Photovoltaic System Control and Optimization of Hunan Province Engineering Laboratory
^2.School of Automation and Electronic Information, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411100, Hunan, China

Received:2021-05-13 Revised:2021-06-16 Online:2021-11-05 Published:2021-11-03
Contact: Siyan LIU E-mail:690324828@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

双向交错并联DC-DC(BDC)变换器是氢燃料电池汽车实现供电可靠性和能量回收的重要设备，采用传统控制方法时BDC变换器面临着响应速度慢、稳定性不高、输出电流纹波大等问题，针对上述问题，本文采用一种带约束条件改进模型预测电流控制方法。该策略针对BDC变换器两种不同工作模式分别建立其数学模型，基于矢量工作原理搭建BDC变换器不同工作模式改进电流预测模型；然后针对模型预测控制过程开关抖动频繁的问题，对成本函数进行优化设计，约束条件中加入控制变量增量；为解决输出电流纹波问题，改进模型预测控制策略通过在线计算开关占空比，得出矢量作用时间，设计成本函数实现控制目标；实验和仿真对比结果显示传统电流控制方法响应时间和电流纹波分别为0.1 s和5 A，改进MPC模型预测控制响应时间和电流纹波分别为0.02 s和1.5 A，实验和仿真对比结果表明带约束条件模型预测电流控制具有更好的动态响应和稳定性能，验证该算法的有效性。

关键词: 氢燃料电池, 电动汽车, 双向DC-DC变换器, 模型预测控制, 占空比

Abstract:

The bidirectional interleaved parallel DC-DC (BDC) converter is an important device for hydrogen fuel cell vehicle power supply reliability and energy recovery. The BDC converter experiences slow response speed, low stability, and output current ripple when using traditional control methods. Aiming at the above problems, a constrained model predictive current control is proposed. First, mathematical models for the various working modes of the BDC converter are established, and an improved current prediction model for the various working modes of the BDC converter based on the vector working principle is constructed. The cost function is then optimized to solve the problem of frequent switch jitter in the model predictive control process, and the control variable increment is added to the constraint condition; to solve the output current ripple problem, the model predictive control strategy is improved by calculating the switch duty cycle online. Finally, calculate the vector action time and create the cost function to achieve the control objective. The traditional current control method's response time and current ripples are 0.1 s and 5 A, respectively. In contrast, the improved MPC model predictive control response time and current ripples are 0.02 s and 1.5 A. The experimental and simulation comparison results show that Model predictive current control with constraints has a better dynamic response and stable performance, which verifies the algorithm's effectiveness.

Key words: hydrogen fuel cell, electric vehicle, bidirectional DC-DC converter, model predictive control, duty cycle

中图分类号:

TM 464

刘偲艳, 胡毕华. 氢燃料汽车双向DC-DC变换器改进模型预测控制[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(6): 2046-2052.

Siyan LIU, Bihua HU. Model predictive control for bidirectional DC-DC converter of hydrogen fuel vehicles[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(6): 2046-2052.

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控制器参数	数值
直流输入侧电压u_BU/V	550
输出侧电压u_o/V	350
直流母线电容C/F	3×10³
电感L/uH	200
采样频率f_s/kHz	50

控制方法	超调量/A	响应时间/s	电流纹波/A
约束MPC	0.1	0.01	1.5
传统MPC	0.5	0.02	2.5
PI	15	0.05	5

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氢燃料汽车双向DC-DC变换器改进模型预测控制

Model predictive control for bidirectional DC-DC converter of hydrogen fuel vehicles

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