基于氧化物固态电解质的储能钠电池的研究进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0424

储能科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (9): 2834-2846.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0424

基于氧化物固态电解质的储能钠电池的研究进展

王进芝¹(), 韩晓蕾¹, 许超锋¹, 赵井文¹^,²(), 唐越³(), 崔光磊¹^,²()

^1.中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所，山东青岛 266101
^2.山东能源研究院，山东青岛 266101
^3.亚利桑那州立大学，美国亚利桑那州坦佩 85287

收稿日期:2022-07-29 修回日期:2022-08-09 出版日期:2022-09-05 发布日期:2022-08-30
通讯作者: 赵井文,唐越,崔光磊 E-mail:wangjz@qibebt.ac.cn;zhaojw@qibebt.ac.cn;ytang86@asu.edu;cuigl@qibebt.ac.cn
作者简介:王进芝（1994—），男，博士，研究方向为储能钠电池的材料与器件，E-mail：wangjz@qibebt.ac.cn；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(22139001);山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2020ZD07);山东能源研究院创新基金(SEI I202127);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2019214)

Research progress of sodium energy storage batteries using oxide solid-state electrolytes

Jinzhi WANG¹(), Xiaolei HAN¹, Chaofeng XU¹, Jingwen ZHAO¹^,²(), Yue TANG³(), Guanglei CUI¹^,²()

^1.Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
^2.Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
^3.Arizona State University, Tempe 85287, Arizona, USA

Received:2022-07-29 Revised:2022-08-09 Online:2022-09-05 Published:2022-08-30
Contact: Jingwen ZHAO, Yue TANG, Guanglei CUI E-mail:wangjz@qibebt.ac.cn;zhaojw@qibebt.ac.cn;ytang86@asu.edu;cuigl@qibebt.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

规模储能是碳中和多能互补生态系统中的关键一环，是连接清洁能源和智能电网的桥梁，是保障国家能源安全的重要举措，其中先进的二次电池是关键的核心技术。由于兼顾高功率密度、资源丰富等优势，基于氧化物固态电解质的钠电池(OSSBs)，尤其是以液态金属钠为负极的体系，已成为最有发展潜力和应用价值的规模储能技术之一。但是，目前的OSSBs在长循环稳定性、安全性和成本方面仍存在不足，阻碍其实际广泛应用。重要的是，如何在降低成本的同时，实现OSSBs中表界面电化学行为的有效调控及对储能性能的提升已经成为目前研究的重点。本文重点介绍了近年来OSSBs的研究进展，主要针对钠-硫电池和钠-金属氯化物电池等在内的典型体系，从OSSBs成本控制、运行温度降低以及应用可靠性优化等几个关键方面分析了国内外的发展，进而提出了对储能钠电池的未来展望。

关键词: 大规模储能, 高温钠电池, 钠硫电池, 钠-金属氯化物电池, Zebra电池

Abstract:

Large-scale energy storage is a pivotal part of the carbon neutrality and multi-energy complementation ecosystem, a bridge between clean energy and smart grid, and an important measure to ensure national energy security. The advanced secondary batteries are the key technology for large-scale energy storage. Sodium batteries based on oxide solid electrolytes (OSSBs), especially those with liquid metal sodium as the anode, are considered as one of the most promising and valuable grid-scale energy storage technologies owing to its high power density and abundant resources. However, there are still several shortcomings for OSSBs in terms of cycle stability, safety and cost, which prevent their practical applications. Importantly, strategies on how to effectively regulate the surface/interface electrochemical behavior of OSSBs and improve the energy storage performance while reducing the cost have become the focus of the current research. This review focuses on the research progress of OSSBs in recent years, mainly for the typical systems such as sodium-sulfur batteries and sodium-metal chloride batteries. We analyze the development of OSSBs from several key aspects, such as cost control, operating temperature reduction and application reliability optimization, and further propose the future prospects.

Key words: large-scale energy storage, high-temperature sodium battery, sodium-sulfur battery, sodium-metal chloride battery, Zebra battery

中图分类号:

TM 911

王进芝, 韩晓蕾, 许超锋, 赵井文, 唐越, 崔光磊. 基于氧化物固态电解质的储能钠电池的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(9): 2834-2846.

Jinzhi WANG, Xiaolei HAN, Chaofeng XU, Jingwen ZHAO, Yue TANG, Guanglei CUI. Research progress of sodium energy storage batteries using oxide solid-state electrolytes[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(9): 2834-2846.

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类型	材料组成	离子电导率 /(S/cm)	参考文献
β/β″-Al₂O₃	β″-Al₂O₃	0.2~0.4 (300 ℃)	[8]
	β″-Al₂O₃ + 0.4% MgO	0.264 (400 ℃)	[10]
	β″-Al₂O₃ + 1% TiO₂ + 10% ZrO₂(质量分数)	0.2 (350 ℃)	[11]
	β″-Al₂O₃ + 1.5% Ti + 10% Fe(摩尔分数)	0.16 (350 ℃)	[12]
	β″-Al₂O₃ + 1% Nb₂O₅(质量分数)	0.153 (300 ℃)	[13]
	β″-Al₂O₃ + 0.25% NiO(质量分数)	0.066 (350 ℃)	[14]
NA-SICON	Na₃Zr₂Si₂PO₁₂	6.7×10^-4 (RT)	[16]
	Na_3.4Sc_0.4Zr_1.6Si₂PO₁₂	4×10^-3 (RT)	[17]
	Na_3.1Zr_1.95Mg_0.05Si₂PO₁₂	3.5×10^-3 (RT)	[18]
	Na_3.3Zr_1.7La_0.3Si₂PO₁₂	3.4×10^-3 (RT)	[19]
	Na₃Zr_1.9Yb_0.1Si₂PO₁₂	2.3×10^-3 (RT)	[20]
	Na₃Zr_1.9Zn_0.1Si_2.2P_0.8O₁₂	5.27×10^-3 (RT)	[21]

材料		工作温度下的状态	沸点
正极	NiCl₂	固态	2732 ℃
	NaCl	固态	1413 ℃
	Ni	固态	在973 ℃升华
负极	钠	液态	882 ℃
固态电解质	β"-Al₂O₃陶瓷	固态	>2000 ℃
熔盐电解液	NaAlCl₄	液态	在潮湿空气中分解

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基于氧化物固态电解质的储能钠电池的研究进展

Research progress of sodium energy storage batteries using oxide solid-state electrolytes

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