微波合成碳载铂用于氧还原电催化

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0473

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

质子交换膜燃料电池阴极氧还原反应(ORR)动力学迟缓，因此，开发高活性、低成本的ORR电催化剂对燃料电池发展具有重要意义。本文利用微波法，在氢氧化钠/乙二醇的溶液中还原氯铂酸合成了铂纳米颗粒(Pt NPs)；随后，将其与Vulcan XC-72R炭黑混合，制备了高分散性的碳载铂(Pt/C)催化剂。透射电镜结果表明，Pt NPs在炭黑表面均匀分布，平均粒径约为2.8 nm，略小于商业Pt/C催化剂（约3 nm）。进一步，探究了微波功率、分散溶剂以及载碳时有或无HCl对制备催化剂分散性和氧还原活性的影响。电化学测试表明，相较于商业Pt/C催化剂，优化的微波Pt/C催化剂展现出更为优异的ORR催化活性。在0.1 mol/L HClO₄电解液中，微波Pt/C催化剂的半波电位较商业Pt/C催化剂高出9 mV，其在0.9 V (vs. RHE)处的质量活性和面积活性为0.109 A/mg和0.127 mA/cm²，均分别高于商业Pt/C催化剂的0.093 A/mg和0.118 mA/cm²。此外，微波Pt/C催化剂具有比商业Pt/C催化剂更好的电化学稳定性。这些主要归因于碳表面均匀分布的较小粒径Pt NPs，增加的Pt表面积提升了ORR活性，与碳载体表面孔结构的牢固嵌合增强了稳定性。本工作系统研究了微波法合成Pt/C催化剂的技术路线，适合批量化生产。

关键词: 微波合成, Pt/C催化剂, 氧还原反应

Abstract:

Since the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells is sluggish, developing high-activity and low-cost ORR electrocatalysts are essential for fuel cell evolution. Here, platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) are synthesized by reducing chloroplatinic acid in a solution of sodium hydroxide/ethylene glycol by microwave synthesis and are subsequently mixed with Vulcan XC-72R carbon black to prepare a highly dispersible carbon-supported platinum (Pt/C) catalyst. The transmission electron microscopy results propose that Pt NPs are evenly distributed on the carbon black's surface, with an average particle size of approximately 2.8 nm, which is slightly smaller than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst (～3 nm). Further, the effects of microwave power, dispersionsolvent, and the presence or absence of HCl when supporting carbon on the produced catalysts' dispersion and oxygen reduction activities are investigated. Electrochemical tests show that the optimum microwave Pt/C catalyst has superior ORR catalytic activity than commercial Pt/C catalysts. The half-wave potential of the microwave Pt/C catalyst is 9 mV higher than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst in a 0.1 mol/L HClO₄ electrolyte. Additionally, the mass and specific activities of microwave Pt/C catalyst are 0.109 A/mg and 0.127 mA/cm² at 0.9 V (vs. RHE), which are higher than those of the commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.093 A/mg^{and 0.118 mA/cm²), respectively. Moreover, microwave Pt/C catalyst has better electrochemical stability than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst. These should be mainly attributed to the smaller size of Pt NPs uniformly dispersed on the carbon surface. The increased Pt surface area improves ORR activity, and the sturdy insertion of Pt NPs into the pore structure in the carbon support surface enhances the stability. Here, the synthesis route of the Pt/C catalyst by the microwave method is systematically studied and proven suitable for large-scale production.}

Key words: microwave synthesis, Pt/C catalyst, oxygen reduction reaction

中图分类号:

O 646

蔡佳琳, 陈艺哲, 容忠言, 张久俊, 张世明. 微波合成碳载铂用于氧还原电催化[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(12): 3800-3807.

Jialin CAI, Yizhe CHEN, Joey Chung‐Yen JUNG, Jiujun ZHANG, Shiming ZHANG. Microwave synthesis of carbon-supported platinum for oxygen reduction electrocatalysis[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(12): 3800-3807.

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