储能科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (5): 1695-1704.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0039

• 储能测试与评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于火灾事故树模型的储能锂离子电池安全性检测方法与验证

刘家亮(), 郭翠静, 汪奂伶()   

  1. 中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京 100192
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-28 修回日期:2023-02-09 出版日期:2023-05-05 发布日期:2023-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 汪奂伶 E-mail:jialiang@epri.sgcc.com.cn;wanghuanling@epri.sgcc.com.cn
  • 作者简介:刘家亮(1972—),男,博士,主要从事电池储能技术研究,E-mail:jialiang@epri.sgcc.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(“电池系统高电压集成及故障保护”,2021YFB2400102)

Safety detection and verification of energy storage in lithium-ion battery based on fire fault tree model

Jialiang LIU(), Cuijing GUO, Huanling WANG()   

  1. China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China
  • Received:2023-01-28 Revised:2023-02-09 Online:2023-05-05 Published:2023-02-10
  • Contact: Huanling WANG E-mail:jialiang@epri.sgcc.com.cn;wanghuanling@epri.sgcc.com.cn

摘要:

规模化储能应用对锂离子电池提出了更高的安全性需求,充分挖掘储能用锂离子电池安全性检测技术对提升电池安全性能具有重要意义。GB/T 36276—2018《电力储能用锂离子电池》作为我国首个储能电池国家标准,其中规定的安全测试条款是否科学合理,检测方法是否可行亟待验证。本文基于储能锂电池安全事故触发因素,将火灾发生的必要因素通过火灾事故树原理层层分解。再利用布尔代数算法进行模拟,提出储能电池安全检测项目,与国家标准GB/T 36276—2018进行对比分析,验证了现行国家标准条款的科学合理性。最后基于试验平台,选用三元锂、钛酸锂、磷酸铁锂及锰酸锂等不同体系储能用锂离子电池开展了14种安全检测试验,对提出的测试项目进行试验验证。国内外首次验证了国家标准GB/T 36276—2018中安全测试条款的操作性和可行性,也为国家标准GB/T 36276新版本的修编提供了依据和数据支撑。

关键词: 储能, 锂离子电池, 安全, 检测, 标准

Abstract:

Large-scale energy storage applications require high safety measurements for lithium-ion batteries. Thus, the safety detection technology of lithium-ion batteries for energy storage should be fully explored to improve the safety performance of batteries. As the first national standard for energy storage batteries in China, GB/T 36276—2018 “Lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage" estimates whether the specified safety test provisions are scientific and reasonable and whether the test methods are feasible and need to be verified. First, based on the safety accident promotion factors of lithium batteries, this study decomposes the necessary fire factors via the fire accident tree principle. Then the Boolean algebraic algorithm is used to simulate and scientifically propose the safety detection items of energy storage batteries. The results are compared and analyzed with the national standard GB/T 36276—2018, which verifies the scientific rationality of the current national standard terms. Finally, based on the test platform, 14 safety testing experiments are performed on lithium-ion batteries for energy storage in different systems, such as lithium ternary, lithium titanate, lithium iron phosphate, and lithium manganate, to verify the proposed test items. The operability and feasibility of the safety test clauses in the national standard GB/T 36276—2018 have been verified for the first time at home and abroad, providing basis and data support for revising the new version of the national standard GB/T 36276.

Key words: energy storage, lithium ion battery, safety, testing, standard

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