相变填充床储热系统研究与应用进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0543

储能科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (12): 3852-3872.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0543

相变填充床储热系统研究与应用进展

张岩岩¹(), 熊亚选²(), 陈亚辉¹, 全瑞星¹, 程广贵¹, 赵彦琦¹^,³(), 丁玉龙⁴

^1.江苏大学机械工程学院，江苏镇江 212013
^2.北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院，北京 100044
^3.航空飞行器热管理与能量利用工业和信息化部重点实验室，江苏南京 210016
^4.伯明翰大学化工学院储能研究中心，英国伯明翰 B15 2TT

收稿日期:2023-08-11 修回日期:2023-09-13 出版日期:2023-12-05 发布日期:2023-12-09
通讯作者: 熊亚选,赵彦琦 E-mail:2222103124@stmail.ujs.edu.cn;xiongyaxuan@bucea.edu.cn;hazhaoyq@126.com
作者简介:张岩岩（1998—），男，硕士研究生，从事热能存储技术研究，E-mail：2222103124@stmail.ujs.edu.cn；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52206253);江苏省科协项目(TJ-2022-068);工信部重点实验室开放课题(CEPE2022017);南通市科技局揭榜挂帅(JB2022002);江苏大学高级人才启动基金(5501110017);北京建筑大学科学研究基金(Z13086)

Recent progress in the investigation and application of packed-bed latent thermal energy storage systems

Yanyan ZHANG¹(), Yaxuan XIONG²(), Yahui CHEN¹, Ruixing QUAN¹, Guanggui CHENG¹, Yanqi ZHAO¹^,³(), Yulong DING⁴

^1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
^2.School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
^3.Key Laboratory of Thermal Management and Energy Utilization of Aircraft, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China
^4.Birmingham Centre for Energy Storage, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom

Received:2023-08-11 Revised:2023-09-13 Online:2023-12-05 Published:2023-12-09
Contact: Yaxuan XIONG, Yanqi ZHAO E-mail:2222103124@stmail.ujs.edu.cn;xiongyaxuan@bucea.edu.cn;hazhaoyq@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

相变填充床储热系统可实现热能的回收利用以及新能源高效收集，对推进碳中和具有重要意义。针对相变填充床储热系统复杂瞬态性质，本文首先对用于预测系统热性能的数值模型进行了总结。随后面向相变填充床储热系统性能评估，介绍了相变填充床储热系统性能评估方法，指出了?效率分析相比于能量效率分析的优点以及区别。此外，重点总结与分析相变填充床储热系统性能优化方法，表明高径比大于1的圆柱形储罐通常是优选的；根据实际应用场景选择，传热流体一般采用导热油、熔盐、空气；定型复合相变材料更具应用前景。然后介绍了相变填充床储热系统在工业余热回收及高效利用太阳能方面的应用。在文章最后，展望了相变填充床储热系统在储罐设计、储热单元设计、运行策略、高温环境等方面的未来发展，以及相变填充床储热系统的成本效益，为促进相变填充床储热系统的发展和实际应用提供借鉴。

关键词: 工业余热回收, 储热, 太阳能利用, 相变填充床, 相变材料, 能量效率, ?效率

Abstract:

Packed-bed latent thermal energy storage (PLTES) systems enable the reuse of thermal energy and efficient collection of renewable energy, making significant contributions toward achieving carbon neutrality. Considering the intricate transient nature of PLTES systems, this report begins by summarizing the numerical models employed for predicting the thermal performance of these systems. Subsequently, the performance evaluation of PLTES systems is addressed and presented together with the methodology, highlighting the advantages and distinctions between exergy efficiency analysis and energy efficiency analysis. In addition, by analyzing and summarizing the performance optimization methods applied to PLTES systems, cylindrical tanks with an aspect ratio greater than 1 are shown to be usually preferred. According to the selection of practical application scenarios, thermal oil, molten salt, and air are generally used as heat transfer fluids, and shape-stabilized phase-change materials are more promising for application. Subsequently, the report introduces the application of the PLTES system in heat recovery from industrial waste and efficient use of solar energy. Finally, prospects for the future development of PLTES systems are discussed, including areas such as tank design, heat storage unit design, operational strategies, high-temperature environments, and system cost-effectiveness. This discussion aims to provide insights and guidance to promote the development and practical application of PLTES systems.

Key words: industrial waste heat recovery, thermal energy storage, solar energy utilization, phase change packed bed, phase change material, energy efficiency, exergy efficiency

中图分类号:

TK 02

张岩岩, 熊亚选, 陈亚辉, 全瑞星, 程广贵, 赵彦琦, 丁玉龙. 相变填充床储热系统研究与应用进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(12): 3852-3872.

Yanyan ZHANG, Yaxuan XIONG, Yahui CHEN, Ruixing QUAN, Guanggui CHENG, Yanqi ZHAO, Yulong DING. Recent progress in the investigation and application of packed-bed latent thermal energy storage systems[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(12): 3852-3872.

图/表 17

图1

图2

表1

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表2

不同文献中传热流体的选择"

参考文献	传热流体	工作温度下比热容C_p /[J/(kg·K)]	工作温度/K
Bruch等^[46]	导热油	3212	623.15
Liu等^[55]	导热油	2515	823.15
Hoffmann等^[56]	Caloria HT 43/日光盐	3506/1526	483.15
Zanganeh等^[38]	空气	1124	923.15
Cascetta等^[50]	空气	1047	573.15
Singh等^[51]	空气	1005	323.15
Cascetta等^[52]	空气/油/熔盐		823.15/673.15/823.15
Niedermeier等^[53]	液态金属铅铋	146	673.15
Wang等^[54]	二元硝酸盐(NaNO₃+KNO₃)	1318	723
Bozorg等^[57]	油- $A l 2 O 2$ 纳米流体	1961/2132	500/600

表2

图8

图9

图10

表3

图11

图12

图13

图14

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参考文献	罐体形状	隔热条件	主要优化手段	效率	工作温度/℃
Cárdenas等^[32]	圆柱形	忽略通过壁面热损失	增加额外储热材料质量，改变纵横比，改变储热单元直径大小	98.24%	549.85
Zanganeh等^[38]	截锥形	储罐由混凝土制成，储罐被埋在地下	通过锥形状减小储罐岩石热膨胀引起的热棘轮效应，降低填充床顶部热损失	95%	650
Yang等^[39]	圆柱形	绝热壁面和非绝热壁面两种不同边界条件对比	通过对比填充床绝热和非绝热的壁面边界条件，来研究填充床内部温度分布	90%	250
Xu等^[20]	圆柱形	双隔热层	对填充床外壁面进行隔热设计	90%	390
Vannerem等^[40]	圆柱形	20 mm岩棉进行隔热	将均匀型、中心型、外围型三种分流器进行对比研究，发现均匀型分流器径向温度分布最均匀	81%	100～140
Li等^[37]	长方体形	系统外表面绝热	在填充床内使用复合相变材料砖布置出曲折流通通道	增加了41%	546.85
Trevisan等^[41]	圆柱形	通过陶瓷纤维毯隔热	通过内部管道实现了传热流体的径向流动	70%	600
Dong等^[42]	圆柱形	系统外表面绝热	储热单元的尺寸沿轴向和径向变化，构建具有仿生静脉分级结构的填充床储热系统	—	326

参考文献	封装结构	封装材料	相变材料	相变材料潜热ΔH_m /(kJ/kg)
Wei等^[63]	球体，圆柱体，板状和管状	不锈钢	石蜡FNP-0090	216.7
Wu等^[48]	球体	高密度聚乙烯	肉豆蔻酸	186.6
Pakrouh等^[65]	球体	不锈钢	石蜡	243.5
Tan^[66]	球体	玻璃	正十八烷	226
Sun等^[33]	球体	不锈钢	棕榈酸/膨胀石墨/碳纤维复合相变材料	198.17
Alawadhi等^[77]	圆锥体	金属箔	正二十烷	241
Liu等^[78]	圆柱体	不锈钢	十二酸	182
Wang等^[74]	仿生学肺泡结构
Dong等^[75]	仿生椭圆形结构	树脂	正十八烷	243.5
Cheng等^[72]	仿生红细胞结构	尼龙	癸酸-月桂酸-棕榈酸共晶混合物	120.2
Mohaghegh等^[76]	梨形结构		正十八烷	243.5
Tang等^[58]	中空通道球形结构	不锈钢	石蜡	166.3
Sun等^[68]	环形翅片双层球形结构	不锈钢	棕榈酸	185.4
Hu等^[71]	弯曲储热单元		月桂酸	187.21

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相变填充床储热系统研究与应用进展

Recent progress in the investigation and application of packed-bed latent thermal energy storage systems

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