多因素约束下源-储-荷协同的风储氢氨优化配置策略研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1250

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

风电制氢、制氨是我国“三北”地区解决风电就地消纳问题的重要手段，为提高风电制氢合成氨系统稳定运行情况下的经济性，本文提出了一种多因素约束下源-储-荷协同的风储氢氨优化配置策略。首先通过分析制氢设备功率、储能配置比例、储氢罐配置容量、电网取电电量、系统年停机次数、年产氢量、产氨量以及液氨成本等多种制约因素，构建了风电制氢合成氨系统模型及其不同工况的经济性关系。其次，以经济性目标模型边界为切入点，采用源-储-荷协同的风储氢氨优化协同策略，优选出电网取电、储氢罐储能及蓄电池储能最佳出力点，以便适应不同工作场景的经济性最优配置目标。最后，以乌拉特中旗典型年风速数据及其现场实际为基准，构建了四种不同场景下不同优化策略的经济性对比。结果表明：本文所提控制策略在各个场景均能很好的适应现场需求，达到单位氨成本最低，系统产量最多，停机次数最少，投资回收期最短的效果。本研究有助于增强风电的就地消纳能力和系统自平衡能力，为提升源-储-荷协同的风储氢氨制备工艺及经济性提供工程借鉴和参考。

关键词: 风电, 绿电制氨, 经济性最优, 系统配置

Abstract:

Hydrogen and ammonia production from wind power serves as a crucial solution for addressing the issue of on-site consumption of wind power in China's "Three North" region. To improve the economy of wind power hydrogen ammonia synthesis systems under stable operation, an optimal allocation strategy for wind hydrogen storage and ammonia, considering source-storage-load coordination under multi-factor constraints is proposed. Firstly, the system model of wind turbine hydrogen production ammonia and its economic relationship under different working conditions are constructed through various factors such as hydrogen production equipment power, energy storage configuration ratio, hydrogen storage tank configuration capacity, electricity consumption from the power grid, annual system shutdowns, annual hydrogen production, ammonia production, and liquid ammonia cost. Secondly, taking the boundary of the economic target model as the entry point, the source-storage-load collaborative optimization strategy of wind hydrogen storage and ammonia was adopted to optimize the optimal output points of power grid extraction, hydrogen storage tank energy storage, and battery energy storage, to adapt to the economic optimal allocation goals of different working scenarios. Finally, taking the typical annual wind speed data of Urad Middle Banner and its field reality as the benchmark, the economic comparison of different optimization strategies under four different scenarios is constructed. The results show that the control strategy proposed in this paper can well adapt to the field demand in each scenario, and achieve the lowest unit ammonia cost, the largest system output, the least number of downtime, and the shortest payback period. This study contributes to enhancing the local consumption capacity and system self-balancing capability of wind power. It offers engineering insights and guidance for improving the source-storage-load coordinated hydrogen and ammonia production process and its economic efficiency.

Key words: Wind power, Green electricity ammonia production, Optimal economic performance, system configuration

中图分类号:

TK513

张彦虎, 汪慧, 邹绍琨, 韦安, 罗德俊, 江友华. 多因素约束下源-储-荷协同的风储氢氨优化配置策略研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1250.

Yan-hu ZHANG, Hui WANG, Shao-kun ZOU, An WEI, De-jun LUO, You-hua JIANG. Research on Optimal Allocation Strategy of Wind Hydrogen and Ammonia Storage under Multi-factor Constraints of Source-Storage-Load Cooperation[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1250.

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设备功率	电解槽	制氨设备	制氮设备	蓄电池
最小功率	0.2×P_ele额定	0.7×P_制氨额定	0.7×P_制氮额定	0.7×P_bat额定
最大功率	1.1×P_ele额定	1.1×P_制氨额定	1.1×P_制氮额定	P_bat额定

设备配置场景	电解槽/MW	蓄电池/(MW·h^-1)	储氢罐/Nm³
储能不从电网取电	(76~118)×5	(122~125)×3.44 MW 4~24 h	0
储氢不从电网取电	(118~121)×5	0	(2~34)×6×10⁴
储能从电网取电	(76~118)×5	(44~125)×3.44 MW 4~24 h	0
储氢从电网取电	(118~121)×5	0	(2~34)×6×10⁴

工作场景	上网电量/10⁸(kW·h^-1)	购电量/10⁸ (kW·h^-1)	产氢量/10⁸Nm³	产氨量 /万吨	停机次数/次	停机时长/h	单位氨成本/元/kg(液氨)	年化成本/亿元	投资回收期/年
储能不取电	2.3179/6.44%	0	5.9142	28.163	29	2536	3.2590	9.1783	11.267
储氢不取电	4.8975/13.6%	0	5.9935	31.1	80	\	2.5463	7.9191	7.2725
储能取电	7.1635/19.9%	7.207	5.9142	33.169	36	\	2.9691	9.848	9.01
储氢取电	2.5034/6.95%	5.9527	7.5946	39.296	12	228	2.4457	9.6107	6.0953

配置场景	年化成本/亿元	氨成本/(元·kg^-1)
储能不取电	6.7726	3.2590
储氢不取电	5.6288	2.5463
储能取电	7.5679	2.9691
储氢取电	6.5714	2.4457

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