软包磷酸铁锂电池低温热安全性能研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4239.2016.02.012

储能科学与技术 ›› 2016, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (2): 204-209.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4239.2016.02.012

软包磷酸铁锂电池低温热安全性能研究

王绥军, 傅凯, 官亦标, 刘曙光, 徐彬, 范茂松

中国电力科学研究院,北京 100192

收稿日期:2015-11-17 修回日期:2015-12-10 出版日期:2016-03-01 发布日期:2016-03-01
通讯作者: 官亦标,高级工程师,研究方向为锂离子电池和规模储能技术,E-mail:guanyb@epri. sgcc.com.cn.
作者简介:王绥军(1983--),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向为储能技术,E-mail:wangsuijun@epri.sgcc.com.cn
基金资助:
国家电网科技项目(电动汽车充换电设施运行效能提升的关键技术研究)

Low temperature thermal safety performance of soft packaged lithium iron phosphate battery

WANG Suijun, FU Kai, GUAN Yibiao, LIU Shuguang, XU Bin, FAN Maosong

China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China

Received:2015-11-17 Revised:2015-12-10 Online:2016-03-01 Published:2016-03-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文以剩余容量接近80%的软包磷酸铁锂电池为研究对象,研究其在-10 ℃低温充放电循环后的安全性能.对低温和常温循环后的电池进行热失控实验分析,同时解剖电池并测试电池材料的锂元素含量和热稳定性能.测试结果表明,电池低温循环过程中容量急剧衰减,低温循环后电池热失控温度明显降低,低温循环过程中电池负极析出了锂单质,电池材料的热稳定性也发生了变化.另外,还对低温循环后的电池进行了满电状态下的常温搁置实验,实验过程中电池全部产生胀气现象,通过进一步测试分析发现,气体以CO和H₂为主.与新电池对比发现,剩余容量接近80%的软包磷酸铁锂电池低温下充放电循环更容易产生锂枝晶,造成其电化学性能发生严重的不可逆衰退,热失控温度明显提前,因此剩余容量接近80%的磷酸铁锂电池应避免在低温下运行.

关键词: 锂离子电池, 低温性能, 锂枝晶, 热安全性能

Abstract: In this study, the samples were soft packaged lithium iron phosphate cells, for the remaining capacity close to 80%. The safety performance of the low temperature -10 ℃ was studied. Compared the thermal runaway test results of the cells after the low temperature and room temperature cycling. The content of lithium and the thermal stability of the battery materials were analyzed. It showed that the capacity of cells cycled at the low temperature decreased rapidly. Differential thermal analysis and elemental analysis of electrode cell materials further showed that lithium metal appeared on the anode after low temperature cycling and the thermal stability of battery materials also changed. After an aging with full charge, all the cells after low temperature cycling produced gases, mainly CO and H₂. Compared with the fresh cells, the used cells with 80% remaining capacity shows obviously lower electrochemical and thermal safety performances. So the used soft package lithium iron phosphate cells should be avoided to run at low temperatures.

Key words: lithium ion battery, low temperature performance, lithium dendrite, thermal safety performance

中图分类号:

O646

王绥军, 傅凯, 官亦标, 刘曙光, 徐彬, 范茂松. 软包磷酸铁锂电池低温热安全性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2016, 5(2): 204-209.

WANG Suijun, FU Kai, GUAN Yibiao, LIU Shuguang, XU Bin, FAN Maosong. Low temperature thermal safety performance of soft packaged lithium iron phosphate battery[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2016, 5(2): 204-209.

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软包磷酸铁锂电池低温热安全性能研究

Low temperature thermal safety performance of soft packaged lithium iron phosphate battery

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