缓冲层对二次锂金属电池性能的改进及机理研究

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2018.0037

储能科学与技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (4): 646-653.doi: 10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2018.0037

缓冲层对二次锂金属电池性能的改进及机理研究

张丁^1,2, 牟树君¹, 陈清泉^2,3, 周友¹

1. 北京低碳清洁能源研究所, 北京 102211;
2. 中国矿业大学, 江苏徐州 221116;
3. 香港大学, 香港 999077

收稿日期:2018-03-15 修回日期:2018-04-23 出版日期:2018-07-01 发布日期:2018-05-10
通讯作者: 张丁(1989-),女,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为分布式能源、锂电池,E-mail:zhangding@nicenergy.com
作者简介:张丁(1989-),女,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为分布式能源、锂电池,E-mail:zhangding@nicenergy.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFE0102600）。

Effect and mechanism study on buffer layer in secondary Li metal battery

ZHANG Ding^1,2, MU Shujun¹, CHAN Chingchuen^2,3, ZHOU You¹

1. National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy, Beijing 102211, China;
2. China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China;
3. University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

Received:2018-03-15 Revised:2018-04-23 Online:2018-07-01 Published:2018-05-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 锂金属是已知的理论比容量（3860 mA·h/g）最高的材料，且锂金属具有最低的对氢电位（-3.040 V）和极小的密度（0.53 g/cm³）。所以锂金属是一种极具潜力的电池负极材料。但是锂金属电池存在着很严重的安全问题且循环效率低，所以直到现在还没有正式商用。锂离子电池的发展日趋成熟，但是其容量已经无法满足科技的发展，所以发展下一代电池刻不容缓，而锂金属电池是一个良好的选择。为了克服锂金属负极在应用中存在的问题，本文提出了一种缓冲层结构插入锂金属电池的隔膜与负极之间，并分别将碳纳米管和聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合材料作为缓冲层插入锂电池中。倍率性能测试、循环性能测试和形貌测试均指出，缓冲层结构对锂金属负极的枝晶生长具有抑制作用，从而改善了锂金属电池的安全问题，并对其循环效率具有很大的提升作用。

关键词: 锂金属电池, 缓冲层, 碳纳米管, 聚苯胺

Abstract: Li metal has the highest specific capacity (3860 mA·h·g^-1), the lowest negative electrochemical potential (-3.040 V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode) and a low density (0.59 g cm^-3), so Li metal is one of the most promising candidates as an anode material for next-generation energy storage systems. But unfortunately, the battery has hardly been commercialized successfully so far because the safety problem and low cycle efficiency of Li metal battery during charge and discharge. Li ion battery has been developed becoming mature nowadays, but its capacity cannot satisfy the advance in new technology. Therefore, it is of great urgent to develop next generation battery, Li metal battery is a good choice. To solve the problem of Li metal battery in application, a buffer layer is proposed in this paper which is inserted between anode and separator. In this paper, carbon nanotube (CNT) and polyaniline-carbon nanotube (PANI-CNT) film were used as buffer layer and inserted into the battery. Rate test and cycle test were taken to compare the rate performance and cycle performance of battery with and without buffer layer. And scanning electron microscopy test was taken to observe the growth of Li dendrites. Experiment shows that buffer layer is useful to suppress the growth of Li dendrite, and it can improve the safety and cycle efficiency of Li metal battery.

Key words: Li metal battery, buffer layer, carbon nanotube, polyaniline

中图分类号:

TQ028.8

张丁, 牟树君, 陈清泉, 周友. 缓冲层对二次锂金属电池性能的改进及机理研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2018, 7(4): 646-653.

ZHANG Ding, MU Shujun, CHAN Chingchuen, ZHOU You. Effect and mechanism study on buffer layer in secondary Li metal battery[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(4): 646-653.

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缓冲层对二次锂金属电池性能的改进及机理研究

Effect and mechanism study on buffer layer in secondary Li metal battery

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