锂离子电池多尺度非均匀性概述

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0409

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

动力电池高续航、长循环、快速充电和高安全性等严苛的使用要求推动着锂离子电池技术的革新。然而，这也使得电池内部从颗粒材料到电芯各层级的均匀性问题变得突出，成为决定电池综合性能的关键因素。研究锂离子电池多尺度的非均匀性成因及改善策略，是目前电池制造与电池管理中亟待解决的重要问题。本概述系统地总结了锂离子电池材料颗粒、电极微结构、极片平面以及电芯单体的非均匀特征对电池电化学均匀性的影响以及在电池循环过程中的演化规律，并重点归纳出非均匀性通过内在的并联电学结构损伤电池性能的作用机制。最后，针对各尺度下的非均匀问题提出了具体的改善措施。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 非均匀性, 多尺度, 并联结构

Abstract:

Strict use requirements such as high endurance, long cycle, fast charging, and high safety of power batteries are driving the innovation of lithium-ion battery technology. However, this also makes the uniformity problem of batteries from the granular material to the cell level become prominent, and it has become a key factor in determining the overall performance of batteries. Studying the causes of multiscale nonuniformity of lithium-ion batteries and improvement strategies are important issues that need to be resolved in the current battery manufacturing and battery management. This overview systematically summarizes the influence of lithium-ion battery material particles, electrode microstructure, electrode plane, and cell monomer's nonuniform characteristics on the electrochemical uniformity of batteries and the evolution law during a battery cycle and focuses on the mechanism of nonuniformity damage to battery performance through the inherent parallel electrical structure. Finally, specific improvement measures are put forward for the nonuniformity of various scales.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, non-uniformity, multi-scale, parallel structure

中图分类号:

TM 910

宋岚, 熊若愚, 宋华雄, 谭鹏辉, 张云, 周华民. 锂离子电池多尺度非均匀性概述[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(2): 487-502.

Lan SONG, Ruoyu XIONG, Huaxiong SONG, Penghui TAN, Yun ZHANG, Huamin ZHOU. Multiscale nonuniformity of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(2): 487-502.

图/表 7

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