光伏系统液流电池储能优化配置

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0707

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

液流电池具有长时储能成本低、系统安全性高等特点，适用于大规模长时储能的应用场景，通过对液流电池系统进行合理的规划配置，可以平抑新能源发电系统的间歇性和波动性，对于保障电网安全稳定运行具有重要意义。目前缺乏基于液流电池技术特性和运行特性展开的新能源系统与液流电池优化配置方法研究，随着我国能源快速转型，充分发挥液流电池技术及运行特点，优化配置新能源系统中液流电池容量，对建立新型电力系统有着积极作用。本工作以光伏与液流电池联合发电的局域网为研究对象，提出了适用于光伏系统的液流电池储能优化配置方法，通过对液流电池系统中各个模块系统的运行特性、系统初投资和全寿期运维成本进行了深入地研究分析，基于液流电池系统具有功率与容量模块相分离的特点，对大规模液流电池系统的功率和容量配比进行了优化设计。综合液流电池系统模块优化设计的结果，对光伏与液流电池联合发电的局域网系统进行运行策略优化，在保证局域网供电稳定运行的同时，以液流电池系统初投资与全寿期运行成本之和最小为目标函数，求解得到优化液流电池优化配置方案。算例应用表明，大规模液流电池系统功率和容量配置为1 MW/8 MWh时为经济性最优的兆瓦级液流电池模块设计，25年运行期LCOE为0.292元/kWh；在本工作应用的局域网中储能优化配置的目标函数在储能配置为20 MW/160 MWh方案达到最优解。

关键词: 光储系统, 液流电池, 储能配置, 新能源局域网

Abstract:

A liquid flow battery has low long-term energy storage cost and high system security, and thus, it is suitable for large-scale long-term energy storage application scenarios. The intermittency and fluctuation of the new energy power generation system can be suppressed through reasonable planning and configuration of the liquid flow battery system; this is of great significance for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid. At present, there is a lack of research on the new energy system and the optimization configuration method of liquid flow battery based on their technical characteristics and operation characteristics. With the rapid transformation of energy in China, giving importance to the technology and operation characteristics of liquid flow battery and optimizing their capacity in the new energy system play a positive role in establishing a new power system. Thus, this paper examines the local area network (LAN) of photovoltaic and liquid flow battery joint power generation and proposes the optimal configuration method of liquid flow battery energy storage for photovoltaic system. The initial investment, full life operation, maintenance costs of each module system in the liquid flow battery system were assessed through in-depth research and analysis of operation characteristics, based on the characteristics of liquid flow battery system that power and capacity modules are separated. The power and capacity ratio of large-scale liquid flow battery system were optimized. Our results show that the operation strategy of the LAN system for photovoltaic and liquid flow battery combined power generation is optimized. While ensuring the stable operation of the LAN power supply, the optimal configuration scheme of the liquid flow battery was obtained by taking the minimum sum of the initial investment of the liquid flow battery system and the full life operation cost as the objective function. This shows that the proposed method can obtain the optimal solution of the liquid flow battery energy storage configuration of the photovoltaic system, and the sum of the initial investment and the life-cycle operation and maintenance cost is the minimum. The most economical megawatt liquid flow battery module design is when the power and capacity configuration of large-scale liquid flow battery system is 1 MW/8 MWh, and the LCOE for 25 years of operation is 0.292 yuan/kWh. The objective function of energy storage optimization configuration in the LAN applied in this paper achieves the optimal solution when the energy storage configuration is 20 MW/160 MWh.

Key words: photovoltaic energy storage system, liquid flow battery, energy storage configuration, new energy LAN

中图分类号:

TK 513.5

郭霄宇, 于浩, 郑新, 刘雨佳, 左元杰, 张苗苗. 光伏系统液流电池储能优化配置[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1158-1167.

Xiaoyu GUO, Hao YU, Xin ZHENG, Yujia LIU, Yuanjie ZUO, Miaomiao ZHANG. Optimal configuration of liquid flow battery energy storage in photovoltaic system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(4): 1158-1167.

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功率等级/kW	单位造价/(元/kW)	电堆电流/A
20	3000	320
50	2000	450
75	1500	450

储能功率/MW	储能时长/h	平准化度电成本/(元/kWh)
1	4	0.512
1	6	0.396
1	8	0.292

指标	未配置储能	10 MW/80 MWh	20 MW/160 MWh	30 MW/240 MWh
储能系统初投资/万元	0	24984	40498	57221
全寿期运行成本/万元	0	32171	47556	49528
外购电成本/万元	97606	78135	28220	25343
电解液残值/万元	—	3990	7980	11970
合计/万元	97606	134112	113917	128557
年均弃光率/%	13.19	6.59	5.25	0

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