铁铬液流电池技术的研究进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0512

储能科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (5): 1358-1367.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0512

铁铬液流电池技术的研究进展

房茂霖¹(), 张英², 乔琳¹, 刘淑敏¹, 曹中琦², 张华民¹^,³, 马相坤¹()

^1.大连海事大学，辽宁大连 116026
^2.中国石油化工股份有限公司大连石油化工研究院，辽宁大连 116045
^3.中国科学院大连化学物理研究所，辽宁大连 116023

收稿日期:2021-09-30 修回日期:2021-11-01 出版日期:2022-05-05 发布日期:2022-05-07
通讯作者: 马相坤 E-mail:fangml@dlmu.edu.cn;maxk@dlmu.edu.cn
作者简介:房茂霖（1993—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为液流电池储能，E-mail：fangml@dlmu.edu.cn；
基金资助:
中国科学院洁净能源先导专项(XDA21070100);中国石油化工股份有限公司科技项目(112006)

Research progress of iron-chromium flow batteries technology

Maolin FANG¹(), Ying ZHANG², Lin QIAO¹, Shumin LIU¹, Zhongqi CAO², Huamin ZHANG¹^,³, Xiangkun MA¹()

^1.College of Transportation Engineering, Daliann Maritime University, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China
^2.China Petrochemical Corporation, Dalian Petrochemical Research Institute, Dalian 116045, Liaoning, China
^3.Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China

Received:2021-09-30 Revised:2021-11-01 Online:2022-05-05 Published:2022-05-07
Contact: Xiangkun MA E-mail:fangml@dlmu.edu.cn;maxk@dlmu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

铁铬液流电池是最早被提出来的一种液流电池，由于成本较低、运行温度范围较大等优势，被认为是具有商业化应用前景的大规模储能技术之一，能有效解决风能、太阳能等可再生能源并网等难题，助力碳达峰、碳中和的实现。本文通过对近期相关文献的调研，首先论述了铁铬液流电池在大规模储能应用中的主要优势，回顾了铁铬液流电池的发展历程，介绍了铁铬液流电池在国内外储能示范项目中的应用情况；其次，归纳并分析了铁铬液流电池在储能应用中面临的技术瓶颈，包括电解液中铬离子的电化学活性较差造成能量效率和功率密度较低，以及充电末期负极容易发生析氢副反应造成电池稳定性差等问题。然后，从铁铬液流电池的电解液、电极、离子传导膜和电池结构四个方面详细阐述了铁铬液流电池技术的研究进展。最后，针对铁铬液流电池存在的局限性，从关键材料改进、结构设计优化和电池成本降低三个方面，对铁铬液流电池未来的技术创新与突破进行展望，为铁铬液流电池技术的发展提供参考和依据。

关键词: 铁铬液流电池, 电解液, 离子传导膜, 电极

Abstract:

Iron-Chromium flow battery (ICFB) was the earliest flow battery. Because of the great advantages of low cost and wide temperature range, ICFB was considered to be one of the most promising technologies for large-scale energy storage, which will effectively solve the problems of connecting renewable energy to the grid, and help achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Firstly, the main advantages of ICFB for large-scale energy storage are discussed, and the development and application of ICFB at home and abroad are introduced as well. Then, the technical bottlenecks of ICFB in the application of energy Storage were summarized and analyzed, including low energy efficiency due to poor electrochemical activity of chromium ion in the electrolyte, and poor stability due to the hydrogen evolution of the negative electrode at the end of charge process. Furthermore, the current research progress was described from four aspects, including electrolyte, electrode, membrane, and structure of flow battery. Finally, contrapose the limitation of ICFB, breakthroughs and innovations for the future ICFB are proposed to provide reference and basis for the development of ICFB, including improving key materials, optimizing design structure, and reducing battery cost.

Key words: iron-chromium flow battery, electrolyte, membrane, electrode

中图分类号:

TK 02

房茂霖, 张英, 乔琳, 刘淑敏, 曹中琦, 张华民, 马相坤. 铁铬液流电池技术的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(5): 1358-1367.

Maolin FANG, Ying ZHANG, Lin QIAO, Shumin LIU, Zhongqi CAO, Huamin ZHANG, Xiangkun MA. Research progress of iron-chromium flow batteries technology[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1358-1367.

图/表 12

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铁铬液流电池技术的研究进展

Research progress of iron-chromium flow batteries technology

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