分步法电解水制氢的机遇与挑战

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0271

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分步法电解水制氢是近年来发展出的一种新型电解水技术，通过在电池中增加电子耦合质子缓冲媒介(ECPBs)，使得电解水的析氢反应(HER)与析氧反应(OER)不再关联，可以实现H₂和O₂在不同的时间、不同的地点生成。分步法电解水制氢可以解决传统电解水制氢技术面临的H₂和O₂互相渗透所带来的安全问题，并为氢气的储运提供新的解决方案。本文综述了近年来在分步法电解水方面取得的进展，详细介绍了分步法电解水制氢电解槽结构原理，分步法电解水制氢中可以选择的ECPBs的种类及特点。根据ECPBs的状态及适用的电解液介质，分别列出溶液态和固态电极形态的ECPBs在酸性电解液以及碱性/中性电解液中对应技术参数。通过进一步对比现有ECPBs的优势及不足，总结了分步法电解水所面临的挑战和潜在的发展方向。

关键词: 分步法电解水制氢, 解耦水裂解, 电子耦合质子缓冲媒介, 氧化还原媒介

Abstract:

Exploiting decoupled water is a novel strategy for hydrogen production that can detach the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with the presence of electron coupled proton buffer medias (ECPBs). During this process, water electrolysis is split into two separate processes, HER and OER, that can proceed at different times and/or in different places. This decoupling strategy can effectively solve the potential hazard of the membrane being permeable to both hydrogen and oxygen, compared with traditional water electrolysis, as well as providing alternatives to storage and transportation of hydrogen. In this paper, recent developments of decoupled water electrolysis were reviewed. The principles of the electrolyser's structure and features of different ECPBs were introduced in detail. Based on the states of the ECPBs and the electrolytes concerned, the parameters of various ECPBs in an acidic electrolyte and an alkaline electrolyte, respectively, were listed. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of present ECPBs' performance, the prospects and challenges faced by hydrogen production with decoupled water electrolysis were illustrated.

Key words: hydrogen production with decoupled water electrolysis, decoupled water exploiting, electron coupled proton buffer medias, redox medias

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

苏秀丽, 廖文俊, 李严. 分步法电解水制氢的机遇与挑战[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(1): 87-95.

Xiuli SU, Wenjun LIAO, Yan LI. Opportunities and challenges of hydrogen production with decoupled water electrolysis[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 87-95.

图/表 2

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