锂电池储能电站火灾与消防安全防护技术综合研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0551

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来国内外锂电池储能电站的增量十分可观，用户侧潜力巨大，遂对锂电池储能电站的安全防护提出了更高的要求。现如今锂电池储能舱传统火灾探测器的预警方式存在不足，同时国内外大量应用研究也表明七氟丙烷和全氟己酮是目前较适用于锂电池储能电站火灾的气体灭火剂，但任何单一灭火剂均无法同时起到扑灭明火和抑制大容量锂电池复燃的作用，锂电池储能电站目前缺乏明确有效的灭火技术、系统性的解决方案。本文从极早期火灾探测对储能舱火灾预警的重要性出发，综述了含不同种类添加剂的细水雾对锂电池储能电站火灾的灭火效果，突出了气体灭火剂-细水雾联合应用消防策略的重要性，并提出了清洁高效灭火技术开发的重点和下一步发展方向。

关键词: 锂电池, 储能电站, 灭火剂, 添加剂, 高效灭火

Abstract:

In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in number of lithium battery energy storage power stations globally, with high user-side potential. This surge in installations has elevated safe requirements for lithium battery energy storage power stations. The traditional early warning system for fire using fire detectors is insufficient for lithium battery energy storage cabins. Numerous domestic and international studies show that heptafluoropropane and perfluorohexanone are currently more suitable as fire extinguishing agents for lithium battery energy storage power stations. However, no single fire extinguishing agent can simultaneously extinguish open flames and inhibit the re-ignition of large-capacity lithium batteries. Presently, lithium battery energy storage power stations lack clear and effective fire extinguishing technology and systematic solutions. Recognizing the importance of early fire detection for energy storage chamber fire warning, this study reviews the fire extinguishing effect of water mist containing different types of additives on lithium battery energy storage power station fires. Highlighting the importance of the joint application of gas fire extinguishing agents and water mist in firefighting strategy, this study proposes key considerations and outlines the next development direction for developing clean and efficient fire extinguishing technology.

Key words: lithium battery, energy storage power station, extinguishant, additive, efficient fire extinguishing

中图分类号:

TM 911

陶致格, 朱顺兵, 侯双平, 李可, 王赫. 锂电池储能电站火灾与消防安全防护技术综合研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(2): 536-545.

Zhige TAO, Shunbing ZHU, Shuangping HOU, Ke LI, He WANG. Comprehensive research on fire and safety protection technology for lithium battery energy storage power stations[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(2): 536-545.

图/表 6

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