锂离子电池电解液的安全性研究进展

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2018.0164

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 锂离子电池的能量密度及其安全问题是限制其在电动汽车应用中的主要障碍。随着能量密度的不断提升，当务之急是有效解决锂离子电池的安全性问题。锂离子电池安全问题本质上与当前电解液中使用的高挥发性、易燃的有机溶剂有关。因此，本文主要从电解液的燃烧性角度，介绍了电解液在锂离子电池材料安全性方面的研究现状，包括阻燃添加剂、不燃性氟代有机溶剂、高浓度电解液及固液混合电解质的应用等，分析其对安全性能提升的机理，并对电解液的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 电解液, 安全性

Abstract: Energy density and safety of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are the main obstacles that hinder the large-scale applications of LIBs in electric vehicles. With continuous improvement of LIBs in energy density, solving safety issue effectively is becoming increasingly urgent. These safety issues are intrinsically related to the present utilization of highly volatile and flammable organic solvents. Herein, the research status on safety of electrolyte in LIBs is summarized in this review, including the application of flame retardant, non-flammable fluorinated organic solvent, high concentration electrolyte and hybrid electrolyte from the point of combustibility of electrolyte. The paper analyzes mechanisms of enhancing safety for LIBs and provides an outlook of electrolyte in application development.

Key words: lithium ion battery, electrolyte, safety

中图分类号:

TM911

张小颂, 夏永高. 锂离子电池电解液的安全性研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2018, 7(6): 1016-1029.

ZHANG Xiaosong, XIA Yonggao. Research progress on safety of lithium ion battery electrolyte[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(6): 1016-1029.

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