Fig. 1

(a) Schematic illustration of 3D MoS2 nanotube structure assembled from single-layered MoS2 nanosheets[18]; (b) HRTEM images of 3D MoS2 nanotubes[18]; (c) Schematic illustration for the preparation of 3D GO/MoS2 composite[26]"

Fig. 2

(a) Schematic illustration of CVD growth of VS2 nanosheets[38]; (b) Schematic for the fabrication process of WO3/WS2 core/shell nanowires on a W foil[39]"

Fig. 3

(a) High-resolution TEM images of BN, MoS2, and WS2 monolayers[46]; (b) Schematic illustration of preparation of VS2 nanosheets[47]"

Table1

Electrochemical performance of common NIBs"

Fig. 4

(a) HRTEM images of FG-MoS2[62]; (b) HRTEM images of CG-MoS2[62]; (c) Schematic diagram of synthesis of restacked MoS2 (re-MoS2) and PEO-MoS2via exfoliation-restacking process[63]; (d) Schematic illustration for the preparation of MoS2/RGO heterostructures[64]; (e) Different energetically possible sites for Na adsorption in MoS2 and its heterostructure[64]"

Fig. 5

(a) Schematic of synthesis of YDSC-SnS@NSC by the self-templated and selective etching method as well as a heat-and capillary-induced self-assembly[75]; (b) The supercell model of SnS2-GO-SnS2 composite containing Li+/Na+[76]; (c) Pseudo-capacitance contribution of SnS2/CNT as anode of NIBs at different scan rates[77]"

Fig. 6

(a) Schematic formation process of WS2 NWs[56]; (b) Schematic illustration of the synthetic route to the porous WS2@S/N-C nanofibers[82]; (c) Schematic diagram for the formation mechanism of the 3D WS2/RGO microsphere[83]"

Fig. 7

(a) 1H-to-1T structural phase transition of VS2 monolayer. Also shown are the corresponding configurations of the initial structures (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ), transition-state structures (Ⅳ, Ⅴ, and Ⅵ), andfinal structures (Ⅶ, Ⅷ, and Ⅸ)[87]; (b) SEM images after 6000 cycles of the CNF@VS2 electrode[88]; (c) Long-term cycling life for 6000 cycles at a high current density of 2 A/g[89]"