Microgrid-coordinated control strategy with distributed new energy and electro-mechanical hybrid energy storage

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0075

Abstract

Abstract:

Microgrid systems with distributed photovoltaic and other new energy sources are becoming widely used to supplement large power grids. However, with the increasing proportion of new energy in microgrid systems, the fluctuation in their output directly affects the overall stability of the microgrid systems. Flywheel is a powerful energy storage system that can adapt to short-term high-frequency charging and discharging and has better environmental adaptability and lesser pollution throughout the life cycle than the supercapacitor system. The combination of the flywheel and battery energy storage systems can smooth the fluctuations in the distributed new energy output and improve the stability of the microgrid system. However, the operating characteristics of flywheel and battery energy storage are quite different, and the control is difficult; thus, it is currently less used in microgrid systems. Herein, an AC and DC hybrid microgrid operation topology with distributed photovoltaic and battery-flywheel electromechanical hybrid energy storage system access is designed. Based on this, a coordinated control strategy of a microgrid system based on battery-flywheel electromechanical hybrid energy storage system is proposed. The control strategy divides the hybrid energy storage system into different states according to the remaining capacity of the flywheel and battery. It takes the output-rated power of different energy storage systems and the fluctuations in distributed new energy power simultaneously and adjusts the charging and discharging currents of the flywheel and battery to reduce the power fluctuations in the microgrid caused by new energy access. Herein, a microgrid system is built based on MATLAB/Simulink, and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed microgrid-coordinated control strategy.

Key words: battery energy storage, flywheel energy storage, electromechanical hybrid energy storage, microgrid system, coordinated control

CLC Number:

TM 7

Bin LI, Jilei YE, Yu ZHANG, Shanshan SHI, Haojing WANG, Lili LIU, Mingzhe LI. Microgrid-coordinated control strategy with distributed new energy and electro-mechanical hybrid energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(5): 1510-1515.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1

Table 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

References 20

1	鲁宗相, 王彩霞, 闵勇, 等. 微电网研究综述[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2007(19): 100-107.
	LU Z X, WANG C X, MIN Y, et al. Overview on microgrid research[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2007, 31(19): 100-107.
2	JIANG Z H, YU X W. Hybrid DC- and AC-linked microgrid: towards integration of distributed energy resources[C]//Energy 2030 Conference IEEE, 2008: 1-8.
3	NIKKHAJOEI H, LASSETER R H. Distributed generation interface to the CERTS microgrid[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2009, 24(3):1598-1608.
4	TAO Z, PENG L, FRANCOIS B. Power management strategies of a DC-coupled hybrid power system in a microgrid for decentralized generation[C]//13th European Conference of EPE09, 2009: 1-10.
5	ZHOU H H, BHATTACHARYA T, et al. Composite energy storage system with flexible energy management capability for micro-grid applications[C]//Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, 2010: 2558-2563.
6	DONG B, LI Y D, ZHENG Z X. Energy management of hybrid storage in distributed generation system[J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy, 2012, 31(1): 22-25+96.
7	AZNAVI S, FAJRI P, ASRARI A, et al. Energy management of multi-energy storage systems using energy path decomposition[C]//2019 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2019: 5747-5752.
8	YAN N, LI S, YAN T, MA S H. Study on the whole life cycle energy management method of energy storage system with risk correction control[C]//2020 IEEE 4th Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2), 2020: 2450-2454.
9	ANDREEV M K. An overview of supercapacitors as new power sources in hybrid energy storage systems for electric vehicles[C]//2020 XI National Conference with International Participation (ELECTRONICA), 2020: 1-4.
10	李大勇, 都明亮, 田春光, 等. 基于总体平均经验模态分解的混合储能系统协调优化控制[J]. 电力建设, 2018, 39(4): 92-99.
	LI D Y, DU M L, TIAN C G, et al. Coordinated optimal control of hybrid energy storage system based on overall average empirical mode decomposition[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2018, 39(4): 92-99.
11	焦东东, 陈洁, 方圆, 等. 基于变分模态分解下利用混合储能平抑风电出力波动的控制策略[J]. 电测与仪表, 2021, 58(5): 14-19, 30.
	JIAO D D, CHEN J, FANG Y, et al. Control strategy for using hybrid energy storage to smooth wind power output fluctuations under variational modal decomposition[J]. Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, 2021, 58(5): 14-19, 30.
12	闫群民, 刘语忱, 董新洲, 等. 基于CEEMDAN-HT的平抑光伏出力混合储能容量优化配置[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50(21): 43-53.
	YAN Q M, LIU Y Z, DONG X Z, et al. Hybrid energy storage capacity optimization configuration for smoothing PV output based on CEEMDAN-HT[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2022, 50(21): 43-53.
13	张政林, 张惠娟, 孙文治, 等. 含混合储能的微电网能量优化管理[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022, 22(25): 11049-11055.
	ZHANG Z L, ZHANG H J, SUN W Z, et al. Optimal energy management of microgrid with hybrid energy storage[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2022, 22(25): 11049-11055.
14	宋兆鑫. 飞轮储能系统并网控制方法研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2019.
	SONG Z X. Research on grid-connected control method for flywheel energy storage system[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2019.
15	刘文军, 唐西胜, 周龙, 等. 基于背靠背双PWM变流器的飞轮储能系统并网控制方法研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(16): 120-128.
	LIU W J, TANG X S, ZHOU L, et al. Research on grid-connected control method for FESS based on back-to-back converter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(16): 120-128.
16	赵武玲, 姚广, 赵楠. 飞轮储能阵列直流母线并联放电控制系统设计[J]. 电工技术, 2019(13): 45-47, 49.
	ZHAO W L, YAO G, ZHAO N. The design of DC bus parallel discharge control system for flywheel energy storage array[J]. Electric Engineering, 2019(13): 45-47, 49.
17	张兴, 阮鹏, 张柳丽, 等. 飞轮储能装置性能测试[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1674-1678.
	ZHANG X, RUAN P, ZHANG L L, et al. Performance test of flywheel energy storage device[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1674-1678.
18	涂伟超, 李文艳, 张强, 等. 飞轮储能在电力系统的工程应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(3): 869-877.
	TU W C, LI W Y, ZHANG Q, et al. Engineering application of flywheel energy storage in power system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 869-877.
19	戴兴建, 魏鲲鹏, 张小章, 等. 飞轮储能技术研究五十年评述[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2018, 7(5): 765-782.
	DAI X J, WEI K P, ZHANG X Z, et al. A review on flywheel energy storage technology in fifty years[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(5): 765-782.
20	JUANG J, KOLLMEYER P. System identification-based lead-acid battery online monitoring system[C]//Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, 2010: 3903-3910.

SOC_f	SOC_b
SOC_f	低容	正常	高容
低容	M_LL	M_LN	M_LH
正常	M_NL	M_NN	M_NH
高容	M_HL	M_HN	M_HH

[1]	Haishan LIU, Xianlong XU, Shuzhou WEI, Yalei PANG, Feng HONG. Flywheel energy storage participates in frequency modulation power division control based on improving power grid assessment index of north China power grid [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(4): 1176-1184.
[2]	Zihao LIU, Xuesong ZHANG, Da LIN, Liqing SUN, Zhengyang LI, Rui XIONG. Joint energy and power state estimation method for energy storage battery based on extended Kalman filter [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(3): 913-922.
[3]	Xin WU, Wenju SHANG, Zhiyong MA, Wei TENG, Shuang ZHANG, Hairong LUO. Coordinated control method for pumped and flywheel hybrid energy storage system [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(2): 468-476.
[4]	Juntao CHEN, Yajun WANG, Shunyi SONG, Wenhao QU, Yibing LIU. Simulation of the primary frequency modulation process of wind power with an auxiliary flywheel energy storage [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(1): 172-179.
[5]	Mingfei LI, Mumin RAO, Wanmei SUN, Shuxin CUI, Wei CHEN. Analysis method based on porous medium modeling for thermal management system of large capacity battery energy storage [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(8): 2526-2536.
[6]	Yu SHI, Zhong ZHANG, Jingying YANG, Wei QIAN, Hao LI, Xiang ZHAO, Xintong YANG. Opportunity cost modelling and market strategy of energy storage participating in the AGC market [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2366-2373.
[7]	Xiaojie YANG, Haiyun WANG, Zhongchuan JIANG, Zhanghua SONG. Bidirectional power flow strategy design of BLDC motor for flywheel energy storage [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2233-2240.
[8]	Xinlei CAI, Kai DONG, Zijie MENG, Zhenfan YU, Boxiao WANG, Yang YU. AGC command tracking control strategy for battery energy storage power station based on optimized dynamic grouping technology [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1475-1481.
[9]	Junze GAO, Yibing LIU, Chuandi ZHOU, Haiting HE, Xin WU. Magnetic circuit design and magnetic analytical model of permanent magnet suspension bearing for flywheel [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1437-1445.
[10]	Feng TIAN, Zhijiang CHENG, Handi YANG, Tianxiang YANG. Fault-tolerant control strategy for modular multi-level hybrid converter battery energy storage system [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1583-1591.
[11]	Fulin FAN, Junhui LI, CAMPOS-GAONA David, Gangui YAN. Energy storage-friendly frequency response service markets： The UK perspective [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(4): 1278-1288.
[12]	Yong ZHOU, Xiangyu CHEN, Lin JIAN, Fuhui WANG, Degao TIAN, Chuanjun HAN. Design and experimental research on flywheel energy storage system of beam pumping unit [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(2): 593-599.
[13]	Shusheng LI, Jialiang WANG, Guangjun LI, Dachun WANG, Yadong CUI. Demonstration applications in wind solar energy storage field based on MW flywheel array system [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(2): 583-592.
[14]	Yulong CHEN, Xin WU, Wei TENG, Yibing LIU. Power coordinated control strategy of flywheel energy storage array for wind power smoothing [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(2): 600-608.
[15]	Qingxiang XU, Wei TENG, Xin WU, Yibing LIU, Shuangyin LIANG. Capacity configuration method of flywheel storage system for suppressing power fluctuation of wind farms [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(12): 3906-3914.