Centripetal Turbine Design and Structural Parameter Optimization for Hundred-Kilowatt-Class Carbon Dioxide Energy Storage System

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0859

Abstract

Abstract:

Turbine expander is the key equipment of carbon dioxide energy storage system. The optimization of structural parameters of the turbine impeller is conducive to better improve the overall performance of the turbine expander. In this paper, the centripetal turbine of a hundred-kilowatt-class carbon dioxide energy storage system is taken as the object of study. Firstly, the main structural parameters of CO2 turbine are obtained through aerodynamic design, and then the flow field simulation is carried out based on Numeca software, which analyzes the influence law of the impeller blade number, impeller inlet angle and impeller outlet angle on the flow characteristics. Further we research the leakage flow and loss in the impeller top clearance. Finally, we investigate the change rule of the performance of the turbine under unsteady flow characteristics. The results show that with the increase of the impeller blade number, the percentage of low Mach number region in the impeller channel decreases and then increases. The impeller inlet angle and the impeller outlet angle significantly affect the flow separation region and the vortex area distribution in the turbine. After optimizing the impeller angle, the isentropic efficiency of the turbine reaches 83.65%, which is 0.75% higher than the initial design. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine decreases with increasing impeller top clearance and varies approximately linearly. The nozzle wake flow causes unsteady flow in the impeller and the isentropic efficiency of the turbine decreases by 0.57% compared to the steady condition.

Key words: carbon dioxide energy storage, turbine expander, structural parameter, impeller top clearance leakage, unsteady flow

CLC Number:

TK14

Daibing SHEN, Jiahao HAO, Yanchang SONY, Junling YANG, Zhentao ZHANG, Yunkai YUE. Centripetal Turbine Design and Structural Parameter Optimization for Hundred-Kilowatt-Class Carbon Dioxide Energy Storage System[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0859.

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给定参数	数值
进口总压/MPa	3
进口总温/K	373
出口静压/MPa	1
质量流量/kg/s	1.5
转速/rpm	36500

设计结果	数值
喷嘴进口直径/mm	179.1
喷嘴出口直径/mm	128.2
喷嘴叶片高度/mm	3.42
叶轮进口直径/mm	126.2
叶轮出口轮毂直径/mm	42.0
叶轮出口轮盖直径/mm	66.3
叶轮进口叶片高度/mm	3.42
叶轮出口叶片高度/mm	12.2
叶轮轴向长度/mm	19.5
等熵效率/%	82.10
输出功率/kW	85.65

	一维设计	模拟结果	偏差
质量流量/kg/s	1.552	1.563	0.71%
等熵效率/%	79.60	82.90	4.15%
输出功率/kW	83.46	84.28	0.98%

入口压力/MPa	1.80	2.10	2.40	2.70	3.00	3.30	3.60	3.90	4.20
质量流量/kg/s	0.724	0.970	1.184	1.380	1.564	1.742	1.914	2.083	2.250
密度/kg/m3	26.675	31.357	36.11	40.939	45.845	50.83	55.897	61.048	66.287
体积流量/m3/s	0.0271	0.0309	0.0328	0.0337	0.0341	0.0343	0.0343	0.0341	0.0339

叶轮出口角	效率/%	功率/kW	质量流量/kg/s
-82°	81.50	80.85	1.506
-73°	83.65	84.52	1.544
-63°	83.07	84.59	1.560
-53°	82.69	83.50	1.564