Energy Storage Science and Technology ›› 2014, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (1): 53-65.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4239.2014.01.008
• Expert lectures • Previous Articles Next Articles
MA Can, LV Yingchun, LI Hong
Received:2013-12-11
Online:2014-01-01
Published:2014-01-01
CLC Number:
MA Can, LV Yingchun, LI Hong. Fundamental scientific aspects of lithium batteries (VII)--Positive electrode materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2014, 3(1): 53-65.
| [1] Armand M. Materials for Advanced Batteries[M]. New York:Plenum Press,1980. [2] Whittingham M S. Lithium batteries and cathode materials[J]. Chem. Rev. ,2004,104(10):4271-4302. [3] Mizushima K,Jones P C,Wiseman P J,Goodenough J B. Li x CoO 2 (0 x Solid State Ionics ,1981,3-4:171-174. [4] Thackeray M,David W,Bruce P, et al . Lithium insertion into manganese spinels[J]. Materials Research Bulletin ,1983,18(4):461-472. [5] Padhi A K,Nanjundaswamy K S,Goodenough J B. Phospho-olivines as positive-electrode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,1997,144(4):1188-1194. [6] Thomas M,Bruce P,Goodenough J. AC impedance analysis of polycrystalline insertion electrodes:Application to Li 1- x CoO 2 [J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,1985,132(7):1521-1528. [7] Thomas M,Bruce P,Goodenough J. Lithium mobility in the layered oxide Li 1- x CoO 2 [J]. Solid State Ionics ,1985,17(1):13-19. [8] Hong J S,Selman J. Relationship between calorimetric and structural characteristics of lithium-ion cells II. Determination of Li transport properties[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2000,147(9):3190-3194. [9] Chen L,Huang X,Kelder E, et al . Diffusion enhancement in Li x Mn 2 O 4 [J]. Solid State Ionics ,1995,76(1):91-96. [10] Barker J,Pynenburg R,Koksbang R. Determination of thermo- dynamic, kinetic and interfacial properties for the Li/Li x Mn 2 O 4 system by electrochemical techniques[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,1994,52(2):185-192. [11] Bach S,Farcy J,Pereira-ramos J. An electrochemical investigation of Li intercalation in the sol-gel LiMn 2 O 4 spinel oxide[J]. Solid State Ionics ,1998,110(3):193-198. [12] Prosini P P,Lisi M,Zane D, et al . Determination of the chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium in LiFePO 4 [J]. Solid State Ionics ,2002,148(1-2):45-51. [13] Delmas C,Fouassier C,Hagenmuller P. Structural classification and properties of the layered oxides[J]. Physica B+C ,1980,99(1-4):81-85. [14] Mendiboure A,Delmas C,Hagenmuller P. New layered structure obtained by electrochemical deintercalation of the metastable LiCoO 2 variety[J]. Materials Research Bulletin ,1984,19(10):1383-1392. [15] Chang K,Hallstedt B,Music D, et al . Thermodynamic description of the layered O 3 and O 2 structural LiCoO 2 -CoO 2 pseudo-binary systems[J]. Calphad ,2013,41:6-15. [16] Delmas C,Braconnier J J,Hagenmuller P. A new variety of LiCoO 2 with an unusual oxygen packing obtained by exchange reaction[J]. Materials Research Bulletin ,1982,17(1):117-123. [17] Reimers J N,Dahn J R. Electrochemical and insitu X-ray diffraction studies of lithium intercalation in Li x C O O 2 [J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,1992,139(8):2091-2097. [18] Goodenough J B M K,Takeda T. Solid-solution oxides for storage battery electrodes[J]. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics ,1980,19(3):305-313. [19] OhzykuT,Uuda A. Solid-state redox reactions of LiCoO 2 (R-3m) for 4V secondary lithium cells[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,1994,141(11):2972-2977. [20] Shao-horn Y,Leasseur S,Weill F, et al . Probing lithium and vacancy ordering in O 3 layered Li x CoO 2 ( x ≈0.5) an electron diffraction study[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2003,150(3):A366-A373. [21] Reimers J N,Dahn J. Electrochemical and in situ X-ray diffraction studies of lithium intercalation in Li x CoO 2 [J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,1992,139(8):2091-2097. [22] Yang S H,Croguennec L,Delmas C, et al . Atomic resolution of lithium ions in LiCoO 2 [J]. Nat. Mater. ,2003,2(7):464-467. [23] Huang R,Hitosugi T,Findlay S D, et al . Real-time direct observation of Li in LiCoO 2 cathode material[J]. Applied Physics Letters ,2011,98(5):51913-51915. [24] Lu X,Sun Y,Jian Z, et al . New insight into the atomic structure of electrochemically delithiated O 3 -Li 1- x CoO 2 (0≤ x ≤0.5)nanoparticles[J]. Nano. Lett. ,2012,12(12):6192-6197. [25] Cho J,Kim Y J,Park B. LiCoO 2 cathode material that does not show a phase transition from hexagonal to monoclinic phase[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2001,148(10):A1110-A1115. [26] Cho J,Kim Y J,Kim T J, et al . Zero-strain intercalation cathode for rechargeable Li-ion cell[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition ,2001,40(18):3367-3369. [27] Chen Z H,Dahn J R. Effect of a ZrO 2 coating on the structure and electrochemistry of Li x CoO 2 when cycled to 4.5V[J]. Electrochem. Solid State Lett. ,2002,5(10):A213-A216. [28] Wang Z X,Huang X J,Chen L Q. Performance improvement of surface-modified LiCoO 2 cathode materials:An infrared absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic investigation[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2003,150(2):A199-A208. [29] Li H,Wang Z X,Chen L Q, et al . Research on advanced materials for Li-ion batteries[J]. Advanced Materials ,2009,21(45):4593-4607. [30] Cho J,Lee J G,Kim B, et al . Effect of P 2 O 5 and AlPO 4 coating on LiCoO 2 cathode material[J]. Chemistry of Materials ,2003,15(16):3190-3193. [31] Cho J,Kim Y J,Park B. Novel LiCoO 2 cathode material with Al 2 O 3 coating for a Li ion cell[J]. Chemistry of Materials ,2000,12(12):3788-3791. [32] Liu L J,Wang Z X,Li H, et al . Al 2 O 3 -coated LiCoO 2 as cathode material for lithium ion batteries[J]. Solid State Ionics ,2002,152-153:341-346. [33] Wang Z X,Wu C A,Liu L J, et al . Electrochemical evaluation and structural characterization of commercial LiCoO 2 surfaces modified with MgO for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2002,149(4):A466-A471. [34] Stoyanova R,Zhecheva E,Zarkova L. Effect of Mn-substitution for Co on the crystal structure and acid delithiation of LiMn y Co 1- y O 2 solid solutions[J]. Solid State Ionics ,1994,73(3):233-240. [35] Waki S,Dokko K,Itoh T, et al . High-speed voltammetry of Mn-doped LiCoO 2 using a microelectrode technique[J]. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry ,2000,4(4):205-209. [36] Ceder G,Chiang Y M,Sadoway D, et al . Identification of cathode materials for lithium batteries guided by first-principles calculations[J]. Nature ,1998,392(6677):694-696. [37] Goodenough J B. Rechargeable batteries:Challenges old and new[J]. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry ,2012,16(6):2019-2029. [38] Gao Y,Yakovleva M V,Ebner W B. Novel LiNi 1- x Ti x /2 Mg x /2 O 2 compounds as cathode materials for safer lithium-ion batteries[J]. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters ,1998,1(3):117-119. [39] Hosono E,Kudo T,Honma I, et al . Synthesis of single crystalline spinel LiMn 2 O 4 nanowires for a lithium ion battery with high power density[J]. Nano. Lett. ,2009,9(3):1045-1051. [40] Amatucci G,Tarascon J M. Optimization of insertion compounds such as LiMn 2 O 4 for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of the Electro - chemical Society ,2002,149(12):K31-K46. [41] Arora P,Popov B N,White R E. Electrochemical investigations of cobalt-doped LiMn 2 O 4 as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,1998,145(3):807-815. [42] Eriksson T,Gustafsson T,Thomas J O. Surface structure of LiMn 2 O 4 electrodes[J]. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters ,2002,5(2):A35-A38. [43] Du P A,Blyr A,Cougral P, et al . Mechanism for limited 55 ℃ storage performance of Li 1.05 Mn 1.95 O 4 electrodes[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,1999,146(2):428-436. [44] Kim J S,Johnson C,Vaughey J, et al . The electrochemical stability of spinel electrodes coated with ZrO 2 ,Al 2 O 3 ,and SiO 2 from colloidal suspensions[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2004,151(10):A1755-A1761. [45] Park S B,Shin H C,Lee W G, et al . Improvement of capacity fading resistance of LiMn 2 O 4 by amphoteric oxides[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2008,180(1):597-601. [46] Zhan C,Lu J,Jeremy K A, et al . Mn (II) deposition on anodes and its effects on capacity fade in spinel lithium Manganate Carbon systems[J]. Nat. Commun. ,2013,4:2437. [47] Xia Y,Zhou Y,Yoshio M. Capacity fading on cycling of 4V Li/LiMn 2 O 4 cells[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,1997,144(8):2593-2600. [48] Lee J H,Hong J K,Jang D H, et al . Degradation mechanisms in doped spinels of LiM 0.05 Mn 1.95 O 4 (M= Li,B,Al,Co,and Ni)for Li secondary batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2000,89(1):7-14. [49] Treuil N,Labrug R E C,Menetrier M, et al . Relationship between chemical bonding nature and electrochemical property of LiMn 2 O 4 spinel oxides with various particle sizes:"Electrochemical grafting"concept[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B ,1999,103(12):2100-2106. [50] Kosova N,Asanov I,Devyatkina E, et al . State of manganese atoms during the mechanochemical synthesis of LiMn 2 O 4 [J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry ,1999,146(1):184-188. [51] Gao Y,Richard M,Dahn J. Photoelectron spectroscopy studies of Li 1+ x Mn 2- x O 4 for Li ion battery applications[J]. Journal of Applied Physics ,1996,80(7):4141-4152. [52] Sun X,Lee H,Yang X, et al . Improved elevated temperature cycling of LiMn 2 O 4 spinel through the use of a composite LiF-based electrolyte[J]. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters ,2001,4(11):A184-A186. [53] Sun Y,Wang Z,Chen L, et al . Improved electrochemical performances of surface-modified spinel LiMn 2 O 4 for long cycle life lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2003,150(10):A1294-A1298. [54] Lee S,Cho Y,Song H K, et al . Carbon-coated single-crystal LiMn 2 O 4 nanoparticle clusters as cathode material for high-energy and high-power lithium-ion batteries[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition ,2012,51(35):8748-8752. [55] Morgan D,Van D V A,Ceder G. Li conductivity in Li x MPO 4 (M= Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)olivine materials[J]. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters ,2004,7(2):A30-A32. [56] Andersson A S,Thomas J O. The source of first-cycle capacity loss in LiFePO 4 [J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2001,97(8):498-502. [57] Srinivasan V,Newman J. Discharge model for the lithium iron-phosphate electrode[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2004,151(10):A1517-A1529. [58] Delmas C,Maccario M,Croguennec L, et al . Lithium deintercalation in LiFePO 4 nanoparticles via a domino-cascade model[J]. Nature Materials ,2008,7(8):665-671. [59] Singh G,Burch D,Ceder G, et al . Phase-transformation wave dynamics in LiFePO 4 [J]. Solid State Phenomena ,2008,139:95-100. [60] Gu L,Zhu C,Li H, et al . Direct observation of lithium staging in partially delithiated LiFePO 4 at atomic resolution[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society ,2011,133(13):4661-4663. [61] Suo L M,Han W Z,Lu X, et al . Highly ordered staging structural interface between LiFePO 4 and FePO 4 [J]. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. ,2012,14(16):5363-5367. [62] Malik R,Zhou F,Ceder G. Kinetics of non-equilibrium lithium incorporation in LiFePO 4 [J]. Nature Materials ,2011,10(8):587-590. [63] Sun Y,Lu X,Xiao R J, et al . Kinetically controlled lithium-staging in delithiated LiFePO 4 driven by the Fe center mediated interlayer Li-Li interactions[J]. Chemistry of Materials ,2012,24(24):4693-4703. [64] Gao Jian(高健),Lv Yingchun(吕迎春),Li Hong(李泓). Fundamental scientific aspects of lithium batteries (III) Phase transition and phase diagram[J]. Energy Storage Sciene and Technology (储能科学与技术),2013,2(3):250-266. [65] Chung S Y,Bloking J T,Chiang Y M. Electronically conductive phospho-olivines as lithium storage electrodes[J]. Nature Materials ,2002,1(2):123-128. [66] Ravet N,Goodenough J B,Besner S,Simoneau M,Hovington P,Armand M. Abstract127[C]//The Electrochemical Society and the Electrochemical Society of Japan Meeting Abstracts. Honolulu,1999,99(2):17-22. [67] Takahashi M,Tobishima S I,Takei K, et al . Reaction behavior of LiFePO 4 as a cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries[J]. Solid State Ionics ,2002,148(3):283-289. [68] Yamada A,Chung S C,Hinokuma K. Optimized LiFePO 4 for lithium battery cathodes[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2001,148(3):A224-A229. [69] Herle P S,Ellis B,Coombs N, et al . Nano-network electronic conduction in iron and nickel olivine phosphates[J]. Nature Materials ,2004,3(3):147-152. [70] Ouyang C,Shi S,Wang Z, et al . First-principles study of Li ion diffusion in LiFePO 4 [J]. Physical Review B ,2004,69(10):104303. [71] Shaju K M,Rao G V S,Chowdari B V R. Performance of layered Li(Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 )O 2 as cathode for Li-ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta ,2002,48(2):145-151. [72] Macneil D D,Lu Z,Dahn J R. Structure and electrochemistry of LiNi x Co 1-2 x Mn x O 2 (0≤ x ≤1/2)[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2002,149(10):A1332-A1336. [73] Ohzuku T,Makimura Y. Layered lithium insertion material of LiCo 1/3 Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Chemistry Letters ,2001,(7):642-643. [74] Li D C,Muta T,Zhang L Q, et al . Effect of synthesis method on the electrochemical performance of LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 [J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2004,132(1-2):150-155. [75] Sun Y,Ouyang C,Wang Z, et al . Effect of Co content on rate performance of LiMn 0.5- x Co 2 x Ni 0.5- x O 2 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2004,151(4):A504-A508. [76] Ohzuku T,Makimura Y. Layered lithium insertion material of LiNi 1/2 Mn 1/2 O 2 :A possible alternative to LiCoO 2 for advanced lithium-ion batteries[J]. Chemistry Letters ,2001,30(8):744-745. [77] Yang X Q,Mcbreen J,Yoon W S, et al . Crystal structure changes of LiMn 0.5 Ni 0.5 O 2 cathode materials during charge and discharge studied by synchrotron based in situ XRD[J]. Electrochemistry Communications ,2002,4(8):649-654. [78] Ohzuku T,Brodd R J. An overview of positive-electrode materials for advanced lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2007,174(2):449-456. [79] Reed J,Ceder G. Charge,potential,and phase stability of layered Li(Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 )O 2 [J]. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters ,2002,5(7):A145-A148. [80] Kang K,Meng Y S,Breger J, et al . Electrodes with high power and high capacity for rechargeable lithium batteries[J]. Science ,2006,311(5763):977-980. [81] Thackeray M M,Kang S H,Johnson C S, et al . Li 2 MnO 3 -stabilized LiMO 2 (M = Mn,Ni,Co)electrodes for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry ,2007,17(30):3112-3125. [82] Johnson C S,Kim J S,Lefief C,et al. The significance of the Li 2 MnO 3 component in 'composite' x Li 2 MnO 3 ·(1- x ) LiMn 0.5 Ni 0.5 O 2 electrodes[J]. Electrochemistry Communications ,2004,6(10):1085-1091. [83] Yu X,Lyu Y,Gu L,Wu H, et al . Understanding the rate capability of the high energy density Li-rich layered Li 1.2 Ni 0.15 Co 0.1 Mn 0.55 O 2 cathode material[J]. Advanced Energy Materials ,2013. doi: 101002/aenm201300950. [84] Thackeray M M,Kang S H,Johnson C S, et al . Li 2 MnO 3 -stabilized LiMO 2 (M= Mn,Ni,Co)electrodes for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry ,2007,17(30):3112-3125. [85] Grey C P,Yoon W S,Reed J, et al . Electrochemical activity of Li in the transition-metal sites of O 3 Li[Li (1-2 x )/3 Mn (2- x )/3 Ni x ]O 2 [J]. Electrochemical and Solid-Sate Letters ,2004,7(9):A290-A293. [86] Kang K,Ceder G. Factors that affect Li mobility in layered lithium transition metal oxides[J]. Physical Review B ,2006,74(9):094105. [87] Yabuuchi N,Yoshii K,Myung S T, et al . Detailed studies of a high-capacity electrode material for rechargeable batteries,Li 2 MnO 3 -LiCo 1/3 Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 [J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society ,2011,133(12):404-4419. [88] Armstrong A R,Holzapfel M,Nov K P, et al . Demonstrating oxygen loss and associated structural reorganization in the lithium battery cathode Li[Ni 0.2 Li 0.2 Mn 0.6 ]O 2 [J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society ,2006,128(26):8694-8698. [89] Wu Y,Manthiram A. Effect of surface modifications on the layered solid solution cathodes (1- z )Li[Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 ]O 2 -( z )Li[Mn 0.5- y Ni 0.5- y Co 2 y ]O 2 [J]. Solid State Ionics ,2009,180(1):50-56. [90] Wang R,He X,He L, et al . Atomic structure of Li 2 MnO 3 after partial delithiation and re-lithiation[J]. Advanced Energy Materials ,2013,3(10):1358-1367. [91] Croy J R,Kim D,Balasubramanian M, et al . Countering the voltage decay in high capacity x Li 2 MnO 3 ·(1- x ) LiMO 2 electrodes(M= Mn,Ni,Co)for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2012,159(6):A781-A790. [92] Johnson C S,Li N,Lefief C, et al . Synthesis,characterization and electrochemistry of lithium battery electrodes: x Li 2 MnO 3 ·(1- x ) LiMn 0.333 Ni 0.333 Co 0.333 O 2 (0≤ x ≤0.7)[J]. Chemistry of Materials ,2008,20(19):6095-6106. [93] Gu M,Belharouak I,Zheng J, et al . Formation of the spinel phase in the layered composite cathode used in Li-ion batteries[J]. ACS Nano ,2013,7(1):760-767. [94] Gu M,Geng A,Belharouak I, et al . Nanoscale phase separation,cation ordering,and surface oxygen vacancy formation in pristine Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 for Li-ion batteries[J]. Chem. Mater. ,2013,25(11):2319-2326. [95] Zheng J,Li J,Zhang Z, et al . The effects of TiO 2 coating on the electrochemical performance of Li[Li 0.2 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 ]O 2 cathode material for lithium-ion battery[J]. Solid State Ionics ,2008,179(27-32):1794-1799. [96] Kim J S,Johnson C,Vaughey J, et al . Pre-conditioned layered electrodes for lithium batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2006,153(2):258-264. [97] Kang S H,Thackeray M. Stabilization of x Li 2 MnO 3 ·(1- x ) LiMO 2 electrode surfaces(M= Mn,Ni,Co)with mildly acidic,fluorinated solutions[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2008,155(4):A269-A275. [98] Kumagai N,Kim J M,Tsuruta S, et al . Structural modification of Li[Li 0.27 Co 0.20 Mn 0.53 ]O 2 by lithium extraction and its electrochemical property as the positive electrode for Li-ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta ,2008,53(16):5287-5293. [99] Kim J H,Myung S T,Yoon C S, et al . Comparative study of LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4- δ and LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 cathodes having two crystallographic structures:Fd-3m and P4 3 32[J]. Chemistry of Materials ,2004,16(5):906-914. [100] Santhanam R,Rambabu B. Research progress in high voltage spinel LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 material[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2010, 195(17):5442-5451. [101] Liu J,Manthiram A. Understanding the improvement in the electrochemical properties of surface modified 5V LiMn 1.42 Ni 0.42 Co 0.16 O 4 spinel cathodes in lithium-ion cells[J]. Chemistry of Materials ,2009,21(8):1695-1707. [102] Shaju K M,Bruce P G. Nano-LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 spinel:A high power electrode for Li-ion batteries[J]. Dalton Transactions ,2008,40:5471-5475. [103] Arrebola J C,Caballero A,Cruz M, et al . Crystallinity control of a nanostructured LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 spinet via polymer-assisted synthesis:A method for improving its rate capability and performance in 5 V lithium batteries [J]. Adv. Funct. Mater. ,2006,16(14):1904-1912. [104] Wang L P,Li H,Huang X J, et al . A comparative study of Fd-3m and P4 3 32"LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 "[J]. Solid State Ionics ,2011,193(1):32-38. [105] Aklalouch M,Amarilla J M,Rojas R M, et al . Chromium doping as a new approach to improve the cycling performance at high temperature of 5V LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 -based positive electrode[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2008,185(1):501-511. [106] Wang H,Tan T A,Yang P, et al . High-rate performances of the Ru-doped spinel LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 :Effects of doping and particle size[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ,2011,115(13):6102-6110. [107] Bhaskar A,Bramnik N N,Senyshyn A, et al . Synthesis,characterization and comparison of electrochemical properties of LiM 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (M=Fe,Co,Ni)at different temperatures[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2010,157(6):A689-A695. [108] Bhasksr A,Bramnik N N,Trots D M, et al . In situ synchrotron diffraction study of charge-discharge mechanism of sol-gel synthesized LiM 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (M=Fe,Co)[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2012,217:464-469. [109] Oh S M,Oh S W,Yoon C S, et al . High-performance carbon-LiMnPO 4 nanocomposite cathode for lithium batteries[J]. Advanced Functional Materials ,2010,20(19):3260-3265. [110] Wang F,Yang J,Nuli Y, et al . Highly promoted electrochemical performance of 5V LiCoPO 4 cathode material by addition of vanadium[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2010,195(19):6884-6887. [111] Hu C,Yi H,Fang H, et al . Improving the electrochemical activity of LiMnPO 4 via Mn-site co-substitution with Fe and Mg[J]. Electrochemistry Communications ,2010,12(12):1784-1787. [112] Li G,Azuma H,Tohda M. LiMnPO 4 as the cathode for lithium batteries[J]. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters ,2002,5(6):A135-A137. [113] Wang X,Yu X,Li H, et al . Li-storage in LiFe 1/4 Mn 1/4 Co 1/4 Ni 1/4 PO 4 solid solution[J]. Electrochemistry Communications ,2008,10(9):1347-1350. [114] Zhang B,Wang X,Li H, et al . Electrochemical performances of LiFe 1- x Mn x PO 4 with high Mn content[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2011,196(16):6992-6996. [115] Zhang B,Wang X,Liu Z, et al . Enhanced electrochemical performances of carbon coated mesoporous LiFe 0.2 Mn 0.8 PO 4 [J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2010,157(3):A285-A288. [116] Yin S C,Grondey H,Strobel P, et al . Electrochemical property:Structure relationships in monoclinic Li 3- y V 2 (PO4) 3 [J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society ,2003,125(34):10402-10411. [117] Huang H,Yin S C,Kerr T, et al . Nanostructured composites:A high capacity,fast rate Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 / carbon cathode for rechargeable lithium batteries[J]. Advanced Materials ,2002, 14(21):1525-1528. [118] Yin S C,Strobel P,Grondey H, et al . Li 2.5 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 :A room-temperature analogue to the fast-ion conducting high-temperature γ-phase of Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 [J]. Chemistry of Materials ,2004,16(8):1456-1465. [119] Dai C S,Chen Z Y,Jin H Z, et al . Synthesis and performance of Li 3 (V 1- x Mg x ) 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode materials[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2010,195(17):5775 - 5779. [120] Kuang Q,Zhao Y M,An X N, et al . Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Co-doped Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta ,2010,55(5):1575-1581. [121] Chen Y H,Zhao Y M,An X N, et al . Preparation and electrochemical performance studies on Cr-doped Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta ,2009,54(24):5844-5850. [122] Ai D J,Liu K Y,Lu Z G, et al . Aluminothermal synthesis and characterization of Li 3 V 2- x Al x (PO 4 ) 3 cathode materials for lithium ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta ,2011,56(7):2823-2827. [123] Li Y,Zhou Z,Ren M, et al . Electrochemical performance of nanocrystalline Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 /carbon composite material synthesized by a novel sol-gel method[J]. Electrochimica Acta ,2006,51(28):6498-6502. [124] Fu P,Zhao Y M,An X N, et al . Structure and electrochemical properties of nanocarbon-coated Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 prepared by sol-gel method[J]. Electrochimica Acta ,2007,52(16):5281-5285. [125] Arroyo-de D M E,Armand M,Tarascon J M, et al . On-demand design of polyoxianionic cathode materials based on electronegativity correlations:An exploration of the Li 2 MSiO 4 system(M = Fe,Mn,Co,Ni)[J]. Electrochemistry Communications ,2006,8(8):1292-1298. [126] Dominko R,Bele M,Gaberscek M, et al . Structure and electrochemical performance of Li 2 MnSiO 4 and Li 2 FeSiO 4 as potential Li-battery cathode materials[J]. Electrochemistry Communications ,2006,8(2):217-222. [127] Nyten A,Abouimrane A,Armand M, et al . Electrochemical performance of Li 2 FeSiO 4 as a new Li-battery cathode material[J]. Electrochemistry Communications ,2005,7(2):156-160. [128] Belharouak I,Abouimrane A,Amine K. Structural and electro- chemical characterization of Li 2 MnSiO 4 cathode material[J]. J. Phys. Chem. C ,2009,113(48):20733-20737. [129] Lyness C,Delobel B,Armstrong A R, et al . The lithium intercalation compound Li 2 CoSiO 4 and its behaviour as a positive electrode for lithium batteries[J]. Chemical Communications ,2007,46:4890-4892. [130] Padhi A K,Manivannan V,Goodenough J B. Tuning the position of the redox couples in materials with NASICON structure by anionic substitution[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,1998, 145(5):1518-1520. [131] Nanjundaswamy K S,Padhi A K,Goodenough J B, et al . Synthesis,redox potential evaluation and electrochemical characteristics of NASICON-related-3D framework compounds[J]. Solid State Ionics ,1996,92(1-2):1-10. [132] Ati M,Melot B C,Chotard J N, et al . Synthesis and electro- chemical properties of pure LiFeSO 4 F in the triplite structure[J]. Electrochemistry Communications ,2011,13(11):1280-1283. [133] Liu Z J,Huang X J. Structural,electronic and Li diffusion properties of LiFeSO 4 F[J]. Solid State Ionics ,2010,181(25-26):1209-1213. [134] Ben Y M,Lemoigno F,Rousse G, et al . Origin of the 3.6V to 3.9V voltage increase in the LiFeSO 4 F cathodes for Li-ion batteries[J]. Energy & Environmental Science ,2012,5(11):9584-9594. [135] Dong J,Yu X,Sun Y, et al . Triplite LiFeSO 4 F as cathode material for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources ,2013,244(15):716-720. [136] Dong Y Z,Zhao Y M,Fu P, et al . Phase relations of Li 2 O-FeO-B 2 O 3 ternary system and electrochemical properties of LiFeBO 3 compound[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds ,2008,461(1-2):585-590. [137] Dong Y Z,Zhao Y M,Shi Z D, et al . The structure and electrochemical performance of LiFeBO 3 as a novel Li-battery cathode material[J]. Electrochimica Acta ,2008,53(5):2339-2345. [138] Yamada A,Iwane N,Harada Y, et al . Lithium iron borates as high-capacity battery electrodes[J]. Advanced Materials ,2010, 22(32):3583-3587. [139] Chen L,Zhao Y M,An X N, et al . Structure and electrochemical properties of LiMnBO 3 as a new cathode material for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds ,2010,494(1-2):415-419. [140] Kim J C,Moore C J,Kang B, et al . Synthesis and electrochemical properties of monoclinic LiMnBO 3 as a Li intercalation material[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,2011,158(3):A309-A315. [141] Zu C X,Li H. Thermodynamic analysis on energy densities of batteries[J]. Energy & Environmental Science ,2011,4(8):2614-2624. [142] Li H,Richter G,Maier J. Reversible formation and decomposition of LiF clusters using transition metal fluorides as precursors and their application in rechargeable Li batteries[J]. Advanced Materials ,2003,15(9):736-739. [143] Li T,Li L,Cao Y L, et al . Reversible three-electron redox behaviors of FeF 3 nanocrystals as high-capacity cathode-active materials for Li-ion batteries[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ,2010,114(7):3190-3195. [144] Poizot P,Laruelle S,Grugeon S, et al . Nano-sized transition-metal oxides as negative-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Nature ,2000,407(6803):496-499. [145] Li H,Wang Z,Chen L, et al . Research on advanced materials for Li-ion batteries[J]. Advanced Materials ,2009,21(45):4593-4607. [146] Alt H,Binder H,Khling A, et al . Investigation into the use of quinone compounds-for battery cathodes[J]. Electrochimica Acta ,1972,17(5):873-887. [147] Liang Y,Tao Z,Chen J. Organic electrode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries[J]. Advanced Energy Materials ,2012,2(7):742-769. |
| [1] | Xianxi LIU, Anliang SUN, Chuan TIAN. Research on liquid cooling and heat dissipation of lithium-ion battery pack based on bionic wings vein channel cold plate [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2266-2273. |
| [2] | Jianxiang DENG, Jinliang ZHAO, Chengde HUANG. High energy density lithium-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2092-2102. |
| [3] | OU Yu, HOU Wenhui, LIU Kai. Research progress of smart safety electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1772-1787. |
| [4] | HAN Junwei, XIAO Jing, TAO Ying, KONG Debin, LV Wei, YANG Quanhong. Compact energy storage： Methodology with graphenes and the applications [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1865-1873. |
| [5] | Lei LI, Zhao LI, Dan JI, Huichang NIU. Overcharge induced thermal runaway behaviors of pouch-type lithium-ion batteries with LFP and NCM cathodes： the differences and reasons [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1419-1427. |
| [6] | Ce ZHANG, Siwu LI, Jia XIE. Research progress on the prelithiation technology of alloy-type anodes [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1383-1400. |
| [7] | Nan LIN, Ulrike KREWER, Jochen ZAUSCH, Konrad STEINER, Haibo LIN, Shouhua FENG. Development and application of multiphysics models for electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(4): 1149-1164. |
| [8] | Hongzhang ZHU, Chuanping WU, Tiannian ZHOU, Jie DENG. Thermal runaway characteristics of LiFePO4 and ternary lithium batteries with external overheating [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(1): 201-210. |
| [9] | Lianbing LI, Sijia LI, Jie LI, Kun SUN, Zhengping WANG, Haiyue YANG, Bing GAO, Shaobo YANG. RUL prediction of lithium-ion battery based on differential voltage and Elman neural network [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(6): 2373-2384. |
| [10] | Dajin LIU, Qiang WU, Renjie HE, Chuang YU, Jia XIE, Shijie CHENG. Research progress of biopolymers in Si anodes for lithium-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(6): 2156-2168. |
| [11] | Mengyu TIAN, Yuanjie ZHAN, Yong YAN, Xuejie HUANG. Replenishment technology of the lithium ion battery [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(3): 800-812. |
| [12] | Ran XIONG, Shunli WANG, Chunmei YU, Lili XIA. An estimation method for lithium-ion battery SOC of special robots based on Thevenin model and improved extended Kalman [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(2): 695-704. |
| [13] | Zhendong ZHU, Huanhuan WU, Zheng ZHANG, Wen PENG, Lijuan LI. Analysis of lithium plating-stripping process in lithium-ion batteries by three-electrode measurements [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(2): 448-453. |
| [14] | Zuhao ZHANG, Xiaokai DING, Dong LUO, Jiaxiang CUI, Huixian XIE, Chenyu LIU, Zhan LIN. Challenges and solutions of lithium-rich manganese-based layered oxide cathode materials [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(2): 408-424. |
| [15] | Jin WANG, Jianquan WANG, Dianbo RUAN, Jiao XIE, Bin YANG. Preparation and electrochemical performances of Si/activated carbon composites [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 104-110. |
| Viewed | ||||||
|
Full text |
|
|||||
|
Abstract |
|
|||||
